# US 8,786,253 B2 · Electric charging system and electric charger

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- Number: US 8,786,253 B2
- Document ID: US8786253B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/670,349
- Filed: 2012-11-06
- Published: 2013-05-23
- Granted: 2014-07-22
- Earliest claimed: 2011-11-18
- Assignees: Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
- Applicants: Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
- Inventors: Yosuke Ohtomo
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8786253B2

## CPC

- B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer
- B60L 3/003: {relating to inverters}
- B60L 3/04: Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions (protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H)
- B60L 7/14: for vehicles propelled by AC motors
- B60L 50/51: characterised by AC-motors
- B60L 50/66: {Arrangements of batteries}
- B60L 53/11: {DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4}
- B60L 53/18: Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
- B60L 53/305: {Communication interfaces}
- B60L 53/31: Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
- H02J 3/322: {the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging}
- H02J 7/96: in response to battery voltage
- B60L 2210/14: Boost converters
- G01R 19/16542: {for batteries (charge condition monitoring in G01R31/36)}
- H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility
- Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations
- Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles
- Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T 90/167: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
- Y04S 30/12: Remote or cooperative charging
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

There is provided an electric charging system in which an electric charger and an electric vehicle are connected by a charging cable. The electric charger calculates a voltage drop amount in the charging cable on the basis of a supplied current at the electric charger side and an electric resistance of the charging cable. The electric charger also compares a determination voltage with a supplied voltage at the electric charger side and determines that a battery has been charged to a fully charged state when the supplied voltage reaches the determination voltage. The determination voltage used for such full charge determination is updated by adding the voltage drop amount to a basic determination voltage that is set in advance.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electric charging system in which an electric charger and an electric vehicle are connected by a charging cable, and an electric storage device installed on the electric vehicle is charged, the electric charging system comprising:
a first reference setting unit for setting a reference point for supplied voltage data calculated by subjecting a supplied voltage at the electric charger side to predetermined filter processing, the reference point being set on the basis of a variation rate of the supplied voltage data;
a second reference setting unit for setting a reference point for received voltage data calculated by subjecting a received voltage at the electric vehicle side to predetermined filter processing, the reference point being set on the basis of a variation rate of the received voltage data;
a data synchronization unit for synchronizing the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points of the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data;
a voltage difference calculation unit for comparing the synchronized supplied voltage data and received voltage data and calculates a voltage difference between the supplied voltage and the received voltage;
a resistance calculation unit for calculating a power supply resistance of the charging cable on the basis of the voltage difference between the supplied voltage and the received voltage;
a drop amount calculation unit for calculating a voltage drop amount in the charging cable on the basis of the power supply resistance of the charging cable and a supplied current on the electric charger side or a received current on the electric vehicle side; and
a charging determination unit for comparing a determination voltage updated on the basis of the voltage drop amount with the supplied voltage on the electric charger side and determines a state of charge of the electric storage device.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electric charging system according to claim 1, wherein
the determination voltage is updated by adding the voltage drop amount to a predetermined basic determination voltage.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The electric charging system according to claim 1, wherein
the electric charger performs constant-current charging in which the supplied current is raised to a predetermined current and then held at the predetermined current;
the first reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the supplied voltage data between a rising process and a holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the supplied voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process; and
the second reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the received voltage data between the rising process and the holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the received voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The electric charging system according to claim 2, wherein
the electric charger performs constant-current charging in which the supplied current is raised to a predetermined current and then held at the predetermined current;
the first reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the supplied voltage data between a rising process and a holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the supplied voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process; and
the second reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the received voltage data between the rising process and the holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the received voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electric charging system according to claim 1, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The electric charging system according to claim 2, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 7 (depends on 3)

The electric charging system according to claim 3, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

The electric charging system according to claim 4, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 9

An electric charger connected by a charging cable to an electric vehicle having an electric storage device and configured to charge the electric storage device, the electric charger comprising:
a first reference setting unit for setting a reference point for supplied voltage data calculated by subjecting a supplied voltage at the electric charger side to predetermined filter processing, the reference point being set on the basis of a variation rate of the supplied voltage data;
a second reference setting unit for setting a reference point for received voltage data calculated by subjecting a received voltage at the electric vehicle side to predetermined filter processing, the reference point being set on the basis of a variation rate of the received voltage data;
a data synchronization unit for synchronizing the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points of the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data;
a voltage difference calculation unit for comparing the synchronized supplied voltage data and received voltage data and calculates a voltage difference between the supplied voltage and the received voltage;
a resistance calculation unit for calculating a power supply resistance of the charging cable on the basis of the voltage difference between the supplied voltage and the received voltage;
a drop amount calculation unit for calculating a voltage drop amount in the charging cable on the basis of the power supply resistance of the charging cable and a supplied current on the electric charger side or a received current on the electric vehicle side; and
a charging determination unit for comparing a determination voltage updated. on the basis of the voltage drop amount with the supplied voltage on the electric charger side and determines a state of charge of the electric storage device.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electric charger according to claim 9, wherein
the determination voltage is updated by adding the voltage drop amount to a predetermined basic determination voltage.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The electric charger according to claim 9, further comprising a constant-current charging unit for raising the supplied current to a predetermined current and then holds the current at the predetermined current when charging the electric storage device,
wherein the first reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the supplied voltage data between a rising process and a holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the supplied voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process; and
the second reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the received voltage data between the rising process and the holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the received voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The electric charger according to claim 10, further comprising a constant-current charging unit for raising the supplied current to a predetermined current and then holds the current at the predetermined current when charging the electric storage device,
wherein the first reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the supplied voltage data between a rising process and a holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the supplied voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process; and
the second reference setting unit detects a difference in a variation rate of the received voltage data between the rising process and the holding process of the supplied current and sets the reference point for the received voltage data at a location where the rising process is switched to the holding process.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The electric charger according to claim 9, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The electric charger according to claim 10, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The electric charger according to claim 11, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The electric charger according to claim 12, wherein
the data synchronization unit calculates a time lag between the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the reference points and synchronizes the supplied voltage data and the received voltage data on the basis of the time lag.