# US 8,785,344 B2 · Gas phase oxidation catalyst with low charge transport activation energy

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- Number: US 8,785,344 B2
- Document ID: US8785344B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/770,449
- Filed: 2013-02-19
- Published: 2013-08-22
- Granted: 2014-07-22
- Earliest claimed: 2012-02-20
- Assignees: BASF SE
- Applicants: BASF SE
- Inventors: Andrey Karpov; Cornelia Katharina Dobner; Frank Rosowski; Mark Eichelbaum; Annettte Trunschke; Robert Schloegl
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8785344B2

## CPC

- B01J 27/198: Vanadium
- B01J 23/002: {Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite}
- B01J 23/22: Vanadium
- B01J 35/33: Electric or magnetic properties
- B01J 35/40: characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size (in a colloidal state B01J35/23; crystallite size B01J35/77)
- B01J 37/08: Heat treatment {(B01J37/0009, B01J37/0018 take precedence)}
- C07D 307/60: Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C07D: HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS (macromolecular compounds C08)

## Abstract

A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons comprises a multielement oxide which comprises at least one transition meal such as vanadium, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy Ec at a temperature of 375 to 425° C. of less than 0 kJ/mol. The catalyst serves for preparation of maleic anhydride.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons, comprising a multi-element oxide which comprises at least one transition metal, wherein the catalyst has a charge transport activation energy Ec at a temperature of 375 to 425° C. of less than 0 kJ/mol.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the charge transport activation energy Ec is determined as the slope of the natural logarithm of the microwave conductivity at 9.2 GHz measured contactlessly for a bed of the catalyst against the reciprocal temperature.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the multi-element oxide comprises vanadium.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the multi-element oxide comprises vanadium and phosphorus.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A process for partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, which comprises passing a gaseous stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen over a bed of the catalyst according to claim 1.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The process according to claim 5 for preparation of maleic anhydride, wherein the gaseous stream comprises at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of n-butane, 1-butene, i-butene, 2-isobutene, 2-transbutene and butadiene.

### Claim 7

A process for optimizing a catalyst for the gas phase oxidation of organic hydrocarbons, said process comprising:
a) preparing a first catalyst under a first set of preparation conditions, wherein the first set of preparation conditions comprises:
(1) reacting a pentavalent vanadium compound with an organic reducing solvent in the presence of a phosphorus compound while heating to produce a vanadium-, phosphorus-, and oxygen-comprising catalyst precursor (“VPO precursor”);
(2) isolating the VPO precursor;
(3) drying the VPO precursor at a temperature of 50 to 200° C.;
(4) shaping by conversion to the desired structure; and
(5) calcining the shaped VPO precursor by heating in an atmosphere comprising oxygen (O2), hydrogen oxide (H2O), and/or inert gas;
b) preparing at least one further catalyst under a varied set of preparation conditions, wherein one or more of the following reaction conditions is varied:
the composition of the catalyst;
the morphology of the catalyst;
the calcination conditions;
the formation conditions; and
the content in the VPO precursor of sorbed organic solvents on commencement of the calcination
c) determining the charge transport activation energy Ec of the first and of the at least one further catalyst, and
d) identifying a catalyst having a charge transport activation energy Ec of less than 0 kJ/mol as an optimized catalyst.