# US 8,785,057 B1 · Electrolyte solution for capacitors and batteries

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- Number: US 8,785,057 B1
- Document ID: US8785057B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 14/073,401
- Filed: 2013-11-06
- Granted: 2014-07-22
- Earliest claimed: 2013-11-06
- Assignees: Retriev Technologies Incorporated
- Applicants: Retriev Technologies Incorporated
- Inventors: W. Novis Smith; Joel R. McCloskey; Jonathan Maeyer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8785057B1

## CPC

- H01M 6/164: {by the solvent}
- H01G 11/58: Liquid electrolytes
- H01G 11/60: characterised by the solvent
- H01G 11/62: characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
- H01M 10/0569: characterised by the solvents
- H01M 6/166: {by the solute}
- H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators
- H01M 10/0568: characterised by the solutes
- H01M 2300/0037: Mixture of solvents
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/13: Energy storage using capacitors
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

The present invention provide novel compounds and electrolyte solutions which can be used in capacitors and lithium batteries and which have a liquidus range of from about −65 to about 171 degrees C.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrolyte solution for low temperature capacitors or lithium batteries comprising a solvent system which is comprised of 35-100% by weight in total of at least one symmetrical or asymmetrical carbonate of the general formula (I):
RO(C═O)OR1 (I)
wherein R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, propyl, CH3OCH2CH2—, CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2—, CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2—, R″OCH2CH2— and R″—O—(CH2)n—, n is 2, 3 or 4, R1 is selected from the group consisting of CH3OCH2CH2—, CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2—, CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OCH2CH2—, CH3CH2OCH2CH2— and R″—O—CH2CH2—, and R″ is methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl, and up to 65% by weight in total of at least one solvent which is different from the symmetrical or asymmetrical carbonate of general formula (I), said electrolyte solution additionally comprising at least one conductive salt and having a liquidus range of about −65° C. to about 171° C.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1, wherein the at least one conductive salt includes at least one quaternary ammonium compound.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The electrolyte solution of claim 2 wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium compound is selected from the group consisting of tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate, triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, diethyldimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, ethyltrimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, dimethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, diethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, ethylmethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate, spiro-(1,11)-bipiperidium tetrafluoroborate, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The electrolyte solution of claim 2 wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium compound is present in the electrolyte solution in a concentration of 0.6 to 3 M.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the solvent system is comprised of 100% of carbonate of formula I.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the solvent system comprises at least one of methyl-(2-methoxyethyl)-carbonate or bis-2-methoxyethyl carbonate.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the at least one solvent which is different from the symmetrical or asymmetrical carbonate of general formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of linear carbonates, cyclic carbonates, carboxylic esters, ethers and combinations thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the at least one solvent which is different from the symmetrical or asymmetrical carbonate of general formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates and combinations thereof.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the at least one conductive salt is a quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The electrolyte solution of claim 1 wherein the at least one conductive salt includes a lithium salt.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A capacitor having an electrolyte solution, wherein the electrolyte solution is an electrolyte solution in accordance with claim 1.

### Claim 12 (depends on 6)

A capacitor having an electrolyte solution, wherein the electrolyte solution is an electrolyte solution in accordance with claim 6.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The capacitor of claim 11, wherein the capacitor is an ultra capacitor or a double layer capacitor.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

A lithium battery having an electrolyte solution, wherein the electrolyte solution is an electrolyte solution in accordance with claim 1.

### Claim 15 (depends on 6)

A lithium battery having an electrolyte solution, wherein the electrolyte solution is an electrolyte solution in accordance with claim 6.