# US 8,784,293 B2 · Systems and methods for optimization of sleep and post-sleep performance > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,784,293 B2 - Document ID: US8784293B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/910,709 - Filed: 2013-06-05 - Published: 2013-11-14 - Granted: 2014-07-22 - Earliest claimed: 2008-10-07 - Assignees: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc. - Applicants: Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc. - Inventors: Christine Berka; Djordje Popovic; Dan Levendowski; Gene Davis; Catherine McConnell; Matthew A. Yanagi - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8784293B2 ## CPC - A61M 21/02: for inducing sleep or relaxation, e.g. by direct nerve stimulation, hypnosis, analgesia (for massage A61H; electrotherapy A61N, e.g. applying alternating or intermittent electric currents for producing anaesthesia A61N1/36021) - A61B 5/384: Recording apparatus or displays specially adapted therefor - A61B 5/389: Electromyography [EMG] - A61B 5/398: Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus; Electroretinography [ERG] - A61B 5/4812: {Detecting sleep stages or cycles} - A61B 5/4836: {Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods (A61B5/0036 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/6803: {Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles} - A61B 5/7475: {User input or interface means, e.g. keyboard, pointing device, joystick} - A61M 16/0672: {Nasal cannula assemblies for oxygen therapy} - A61M 16/161: {with means for measuring the humidity} - A61M 2016/0027: {pressure meter} - A61M 2021/0027: {by the hearing sense} - A61M 2021/0044: {by the sight sense} - A61M 2021/0066: {with heating or cooling} - A61M 2205/3375: Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means - A61M 2205/82: Internal energy supply devices - A61M 2230/06: Heartbeat rate only - A61M 2230/10: Electroencephalographic signals - A61M 2230/14: Electro-oculogram [EOG] - A61M 2230/205: partial oxygen pressure (P-O2) - A61M 2230/30: Blood pressure (A61M2230/04 takes precedence) - A61M 2230/50: Temperature - A61M 2230/60: Muscle strain, i.e. measured on the user - A61M 2230/63: Motion, e.g. physical activity - A61M 2230/65: Impedance, e.g. conductivity, capacity - A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)} - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract Systems and methods for optimizing sleep and post-sleep performance. In an embodiment, a system comprising a device and sleep mask are provided. The mask may comprise electroencephalographic (EEG) sensors and one or more stimulation elements configured to stimulate the senses of a wearer of the mask. The mask may be releasably and electrically coupled to a device which receives EEG signals from the mask, determines current and target sleep states based, at least in part, on the EEG signals, and uses this determination to tailor a sleep architecture of the wearer by controlling the stimulation elements. The mask may be a soft mask which utilizes conductive thread embroidered into one or more textile layers. In an embodiment, the stimulation elements may comprise one or more heating elements, electroluminescent panels, and speakers. In addition, the EEG sensors may comprise hybrid sensors comprising hydrogel in a conductive spacer fabric. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system for tailoring sleep architecture, the system comprising: one or more coupling elements configured to electrically couple a device to a mask; the mask, wherein the mask is configured to be worn by a user, and wherein the mask comprises one or more electroencephalographic sensors, wherein each of the one or more electroencephalographic sensors comprises hydrogel in a conductive spacer fabric, a heater element configured to generate heat, wherein the heater element comprises insulated first conductive thread electrically coupled to one or more of the one or more coupling elements, a visual element configured to generate light, wherein the visual element comprises one or more electroluminescent panels, and second conductive thread electrically coupled to one or more of the one or more coupling elements; and the device, wherein the device comprises a controller comprising one or more modules that, when the device is electrically coupled to the mask, receive one or more electroencephalographic signals from the one or more electroencephalographic sensors, determine a current sleep state and a target sleep state based, at least in part, on the one or more electroencephalographic signals, and, if the current sleep state and the target sleep state are different, control the heater element and the one or more electroluminescent panels, via the one or more coupling elements, to guide the user to the target sleep state. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second conductive threads comprises silver-coated conductive thread. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the mask comprises one or more textile layers, and wherein each of the first and second conductive threads is embroidered into one or more of the one or more textile layers. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3, wherein the mask further comprises an insulating foam layer and an external cover. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the mask is configured such that, when the mask is worn by a user, the one or more electroencephalographic sensors are positioned on the user's forehead and the one or more electroluminescent panels are positioned over the user's eyes. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more electroencephalographic sensors are configured to acquire two channels of electroencephalographic data from the user's forehead against a passive reference electrode. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more electroencephalographic sensors are configured to acquire one channel of electroencephalographic data from the user's forehead and utilize at least one electrode as an active reference. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more coupling elements comprise a first set of coupling elements and a second set of coupling elements which are configured to releasably connect to the first set of coupling elements, wherein the mask comprises the first set of coupling elements, wherein the device comprises a back side and a front side, and wherein the back side of the device comprises the second set of coupling elements and the front side of the device comprises a display, such that, when the second set of coupling elements of the device is releasably connected to the first set of coupling elements of the mask, the display is visible. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, wherein the one or more modules are configured to display data related to a sleep architecture on the display. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the mask further comprises an audio element configured to generate sound, wherein the audio element comprises one or more speakers, and third conductive thread electrically coupled to one or more of the one or more coupling elements. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein, when the device is electrically coupled to the mask, the one or more modules of the controller further control the audio element, via the one or more coupling elements, to guide the user to the target sleep state. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the mask is configured such that, when the mask is worn by a user, the one or more speakers are positioned over the user's ears. ### Claim 13 A system for tailoring sleep architecture, the system comprising: a mask configured to be worn by a user, wherein the mask comprises one or more electroencephalographic sensors, wherein each of the one or more electroencephalographic sensors is configured to acquire electrical activity from the user and output one or more electroencephalographic signals based on the acquired electrical activity, and a plurality of stimulation elements, wherein each of the plurality of stimulation elements is configured to provide one or more sensory stimuli to the user, and wherein the plurality of stimulation elements comprise a heater element and one or more electroluminescent panels; and a device comprising a controller comprising one or more modules that are configured to, when the device is electrically coupled to the mask, receive the one or more electroencephalographic signals from the one or more electroencephalographic sensors, determine a current sleep state and a target sleep state based, at least in part, on the one or more electroencephalographic signals, and, if the current sleep state and the target sleep state are different, control the heater element and the one or more electroluminescent panels to guide the user to the target sleep state. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the system further comprises one or more conductive attachment elements that electrically couple the device to the mask. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the one or more conductive attachment elements comprise a first set of attachment elements and a second set of attachment elements which correspond to the first set of attachment elements, wherein the mask comprises the first set of attachment elements and the device comprises the second set of attachment elements, and wherein the mask and the device are configured to be electrically coupled when the first set of attachment elements are coupled with the second set of attachment elements. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the first set of attachment elements comprise one or more conductive snap halves and wherein the second set of attachment elements comprise one or more corresponding conductive snap halves. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the mask further comprises a sensor layer comprising one or more electroencephalographic sensor sites and conductive thread which electrically couples the one or more electroencephalographic sensor sites to one or more of the one or more conductive attachment elements. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein each of the one or more electroencephalographic sensor sites comprises a hybrid electroencephalographic sensor comprising hydrogel in conductive spacer fabric. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the heater element comprises a heating layer comprising insulated conductive thread which is electrically coupled to one or more of the one or more conductive attachment elements, wherein the insulated conductive thread is configured to emanate heat. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The system of claim 19, wherein the insulated conductive thread comprises silver-coated conductive thread insulated in plastic. ### Claim 21 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the mask further comprises an audio layer comprising one or more speakers and conductive thread which electrically couples the one or more speakers to one or more of the one or more conductive attachment elements. ### Claim 22 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the mask further comprises a visual layer comprising the one or more electroluminescent panels and conductive thread which electrically couples the one or more electroluminescent panels to one or more of the one or more conductive attachment elements. ### Claim 23 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the device comprises a display, and wherein the one or more modules are configured to display data related to a sleep architecture of the user on the display.