# US 8,784,095 B2 · Oxygenated fuel

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- Number: US 8,784,095 B2
- Document ID: US8784095B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/027,195
- Filed: 2011-02-14
- Published: 2011-08-25
- Granted: 2014-07-22
- Earliest claimed: 2010-02-13
- Assignees: McAlister Technologies, LLC
- Applicants: Roy Edward McAlister
- Inventors: Roy Edward McAlister
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8784095B2

## CPC

- C01B 3/24: of hydrocarbons
- B01J 19/127: {Sunlight; Visible light}
- B01J 19/1812: {Tubular reactors}
- B01J 19/20: in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
- C10K 3/04: reducing the carbon monoxide content {, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]}
- F24S 20/20: Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
- G01N 35/00871: {Communications between instruments or with remote terminals}
- B01J 2219/00085: Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
- B01J 2219/187: inclined at an angle to the horizontal or to the vertical plane
- C01B 2203/0266: containing a decomposition step
- C01B 2203/04: containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B 2203/0465: Composition of the impurity
- C01B 2203/0485: the impurity being a sulfur compound
- C01B 2203/0811: by combustion of fuel
- C01B 2203/0822: the fuel containing hydrogen
- C01B 2203/0872: Methods of cooling
- C01B 2203/0883: by indirect heat exchange
- C10J 2300/0909: Drying
- C10J 2300/1656: Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J 2300/1665: to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol
- G01N 1/405: {by adsorption or absorption}
- G01N 35/00613: {Quality control}
- G01N 2001/021: {Correlating sampling sites with geographical information, e.g. GPS}
- Y02E 10/40: Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E 50/10: Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
- Y02P 20/10: Process efficiency
- Y02P 20/129: Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
- Y02P 20/133: Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
- Y02P 30/20: using bio-feedstock
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C10K: PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- F24S: SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS (for producing mechanical power from solar energy F03G6/00)
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- C10J: PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295); CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

Techniques, systems, apparatus and material are disclosed for generating oxygenated fuel. In one aspect, a method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system includes dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors. The biomass waste produced carbon donors are reacted with an oxygen donor to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon. Reacting the carbon donors with the oxygen donors includes applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source to the reaction of carbon donors and oxygen donor. The oxygenated fuel is combusted in the combustion system.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system, the method comprising:
dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors comprising hydrocarbon and alcohol;
reacting the biomass waste produced carbon donors with an oxygen donor comprising steam to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon, wherein the reacting comprises:
applying energy recovered from an external energy source to the reaction of the one or more carbon donors and the oxygen donor, wherein the reacting comprises reacting the hydrocarbon and alcohol with the steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen; and
combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise carbon; and
wherein the reacting comprises partially oxidizing the carbon to produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system comprises:
providing an oxidant and the oxygenated fuel in a combustion zone of the combustion system.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising:
controlling timing or duration of fuel injection using adaptive control.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
controlling a fuel delivery pressure using adaptive control.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.

### Claim 7

A method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system, the method comprising:
applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source to the biomass waste;
dissociating the biomass waste under an anaerobic reaction to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon and hydrogen, wherein the dissociating the biomass waste under the anaerobic reaction comprises:
producing carbon in addition to the oxygenated carbon, and
reacting the carbon with an oxygen donor in the presence of waste heat to generate additional oxygenated carbon; and
combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein dissociating the biomass waste under the anaerobic reaction comprises producing hydrocarbon and alcohol in addition to oxygenated carbon; and
reacting the hydrocarbon and alcohol with an oxygen donor in the presence of the waste heat to generate additional oxygenated carbon.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system comprises:
providing multiple layers of an oxidant and the oxygenated fuel in a combustion zone of the combustion system.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9 further comprising:
controlling timing or a duration of fuel injection using adaptive control.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The method of claim 9 further comprising:
controlling fuel delivery pressure in the combustion system.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.

### Claim 13

A method of recycling carbon to produce an oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon and hydrogen, the method comprising:
harvesting carbon dioxide emitted from an industrial process;
dissociating biomass waste under an anaerobic process to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen for the oxygenated fuel along with one or more carbon donors;
generating thermochemically shifted carbon monoxide and additional hydrogen for the oxygenated fuel by reacting the harvested carbon dioxide with the biomass waste produced one or more carbon donors; and
performing at least one of:
utilizing at least one constituent of the fuel in a fuel cell, and
combusting the oxygenated fuel in a combustion system.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise at least one of hydrocarbon and alcohol.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein dissociating the biomass waste under the anaerobic process comprises applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source.

### Claim 16 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein generating the thermochemically shifted carbon monoxide comprises applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source.

### Claim 17 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.