# US 8,783,213 B2 · Heat exchanger and water heater incorporating the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,783,213 B2 - Document ID: US8783213B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/926,967 - Filed: 2010-12-21 - Published: 2011-06-30 - Granted: 2014-07-22 - Earliest claimed: 2009-12-25 - Assignees: Noritz Corporation - Applicants: Hironao Matsunaga - Inventors: Hironao Matsunaga - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8783213B2 ## CPC - F28F 9/22: Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates - F24H 1/40: with water tube or tubes - F24H 1/43: helically or spirally coiled - F24H 8/00: Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation - F28D 7/0075: {with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the same heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating or cooling the same heat exchange medium at different temperatures} - F28D 7/024: {the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration} - Y02B 30/00: Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] - F28F: DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water and air traps, air venting F16) - F24H: FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL (steam generation F22) - F28D: HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT (fluid heaters having heat generating means and heat transferring means F24H; furnaces F27; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract A heat exchanger A1 includes: a case 2 surrounding a heat transfer tube 4; and a guide member 5 for guiding heating gas entering the case 2 through an intake vent 21 to a first space region 24A and then to a second space region 24B, the guide member 5, together with a wall portion 20b, defining therebetween a gap 25b in communication with a gap 25a between the wall portion 20b and the heat transfer tube 4 for allowing part of the heating gas having been guided to the first space region 24A to proceed into the second space region 24B through the gaps 25a and 25b. This arrangement performs efficient heat recovery from the heating gas by effectively utilizing the entire heat transfer tube 4 while alleviating a problem that the case 2 is partially heated to elevated temperatures. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A heat exchanger comprising: a heat transfer tube for heat exchange, the heat transfer tube being a spiral tube shaped oval in plan view and being constituted with a plurality of loop portions which are continuous with each other and vertically stacked on each other; a case having a plurality of wall portions surrounding the heat transfer tube and formed with an intake vent and an exhaust vent for taking in and exhausting heating gas, the plurality of wall portions including a first wall portion formed with the intake vent so as to communicate with space regions surrounded with the plurality of loop portions of the heat transfer tube, a second wall portion opposed to the first wall portion across the heat transfer tube and defining a first gap between the second wall portion and the heat transfer tube, and a third wall portion interconnecting the first and second wall portions, the case defining therein a first space region which is located closer to the third wall portion than a region formed with the intake vent and which accommodates therein at least part of the heat transfer tube, and a second space region which is located on a side opposed to the first space region across the region formed with the intake vent and which is in communication with the exhaust vent; and a guide member having a main body located closer to the second space region than the intake vent, the upper portion of the main body being located directly above the intake vent, wherein the guide member guides heating gas entering the case through the intake vent so as to be inhibited from directly proceeding into the second space region by the main body and to proceed toward the first space region, thereby the proceeding direction of the heating gas is reversed and the heating gas proceeds toward the second space region, the upper portion of the guide member, together with the second wall portion, defining therebetween a second gap in communication with the first gap for allowing part of the heating gas having been guided to the first space region to proceed into the second space region through the first and second gaps. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: in the first space region the heat transfer tube and the first wall portion define a third gap therebetween; and the guide member is positioned in such a manner as not to form a partition between the intake vent and the third gap, to allow part of the heating gas entering the case through the intake vent to proceed toward the third gap. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the heat transfer tube extends over both of the first and second space regions and has a neighbor portion which faces and neighbors the guide member in the second space region; and the guide member has a sloped portion which is inclined in such manner that as the sloped portion extends away from the third wall portion, the sloped portion is spaced an increasing distance apart from the second wall portion and which causes part of the heating gas passing through the second gap from the first gap to proceed therealong toward the neighbor portion of the heat transfer tube. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein that portion of the guide member which faces the second wall portion across the second gap is opposed closely to or brought into contact with the heat transfer tube in the first space region in such a manner as to inhibit the heating gas impinging upon the guide member through the intake vent from partially flowing directly into the first and second gaps. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the first wall portion is a bottom wall portion which is located below the heat transfer tube and serves to receive drain dropped from the heat transfer tube; and the case is provided with drain discharging means for discharging the drain out of the case, while the bottom wall portion is inclined at least partially to cause the drain to flow toward the drain discharging means. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein: the first wall portion is the bottom wall portion; the intake vent has a peripheral edge portion formed with an erected wall for preventing the drain from flowing into the intake vent; and the guide member has a lower portion which, together with the bottom wall portion, defines a fourth gap therebetween for preventing the flow of the drain toward the drain discharging means from being dammed up by the lower portion of the guide member. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the lower portion of the guide member is positioned to keep out of a region immediately above the intake vent and fail to contact the erected wall, whereby when drain adhering to the guide member flows downwardly along the guide member, the drain is prevented from flowing into the intake vent. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the lower portion of the guide member and the erected wall overlap each other in a horizontal direction to inhibit the heating gas proceeding from the first space region toward the second space region from partially passing through a gap between the lower portion of the guide member and the erected wall. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein: the case further includes a fourth wall portion erected from the bottom wall portion and formed with the exhaust vent; and the fourth wall portion has an outer surface fitted with an exhaust terminal which guides exhaust combustion gas passing through the exhaust vent while defining a drain outlet for discharging drain flowing into the exhaust terminal to outside, whereby the drain dropped onto the bottom wall portion is allowed to flow into the exhaust terminal through the exhaust vent and then caused to be discharged to outside through the drain outlet. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The heat exchanger according to claim 9, wherein: the bottom wall portion of the case has a portion forming a lower edge portion of the exhaust vent which is formed into a press-worked portion by being folded into plural plies and pressed flat; and the exhaust terminal is fitted on the fourth wall portion by utilizing the press-worked portion. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, further comprising a partition wall partitioning the case into a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein: the intake vent is positioned to cause the heating gas to flow into the first chamber, while the heat transfer tube and the guide member are accommodated in the first chamber; and the case is provided with an additional intake vent for allowing heating gas to flow into the second chamber, while the second chamber is provided with an additional heat transfer tube for heat recovery from the heating gas flowing into the second chamber. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: one of the first and second wall portions is a bottom wall portion and the other is an upper wall portion, while the third wall portion is a rear wall portion; and the case further includes a fourth wall portion which is erected from the bottom wall portion and formed with the exhaust vent, the fourth wall portion being a front wall portion, the exhaust vent allowing the heating gas finished with heat recovery to be exhausted forwardly from the case therethrough. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: one of the first and second wall portions is a bottom wall portion and the other is an upper wall portion, while the third wall portion is a front wall portion; and the case further includes a fourth wall portion which is erected from the bottom wall portion and formed with the exhaust vent, the fourth wall portion being a rear wall portion, the exhaust vent allowing the heating gas finished with heat recovery to be exhausted rearwardly from the case therethrough. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first wall portion and the second wall portion are a bottom wall portion and an upper wall portion, respectively, while the exhaust vent is located at the upper wall portion to allow the heating gas finished with heat recovery to be exhausted upwardly from the case therethrough. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first wall portion and the second wall portion are an upper wall portion and a bottom wall portion, respectively, while the intake vent is capable of being supplied with the heating gas from above the case. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer tube is one of an ovally spiral tube, a straight tube, and a meandering tube. ### Claim 17 A water heater comprising: a combustor that supplies heating gas; and a heat exchanger configured to heat water by heat recovery from the heating gas, the heat exchanger comprising: a heat transfer tube for heat exchange, the heat transfer tube being a spiral tube shaped oval in plan view and being constituted with a plurality of loop portions which are continuous with each other and vertically stacked on each other; a case having a plurality of wall portions surrounding the heat transfer tube and formed with an intake vent and an exhaust vent for taking in and exhausting the heating gas, the plurality of wall portions including a first wall portion formed with the intake vent so as to communicate with space regions surrounded with the plurality of loop portions of the heat transfer tube, a second wall portion opposed to the first wall portion across the heat transfer tube and defining a first gap between the second wall portion and the heat transfer tube, and a third wall portion interconnecting the first and second wall portions, the case defining therein a first space region which is located closer to the third wall portion than a region formed with the intake vent and which accommodates therein at least part of the heat transfer tube, and a second space region which is located on a side opposed to the first space region across the region formed with the intake vent and which is in communication with the exhaust vent; and a guide member having a main body located closer to the second space region than the intake vent, the upper portion of the main body being located directly above the intake vent, wherein the guide member guides heating gas entering the case through the intake vent so as to be inhibited from directly proceeding into the second space region by the main body and to proceed toward the first space region, thereby the proceeding direction of the heating gas is reversed and the heating gas proceeds toward the second space region, the upper portion of the guide member, together with the second wall portion, defining therebetween a second gap in communication with the first gap for allowing part of the heating gas having been guided to the first space region to proceed into the second space region through the first and second gaps.