# US 8,771,871 B2 · Lead storage battery and manufacturing method of the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,771,871 B2 - Document ID: US8771871B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/720,602 - Filed: 2005-09-27 - Published: 2008-05-08 - Granted: 2014-07-08 - Earliest claimed: 2005-09-27 - Assignees: The Furukawa Battery Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Jun Furukawa; Toshimichi Takada; Daisuke Monma; Hidetoshi Abe - Inventors: Jun Furukawa; Toshimichi Takada; Daisuke Monma; Hidetoshi Abe - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771871B2 ## CPC - H01M 10/08: Selection of materials as electrolytes - H01M 4/685: {Lead alloys} - H01M 10/12: Construction or manufacture - H01M 2300/0005: Acid electrolytes - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract There is disclosed a lead storage battery comprising a group of plates housed in a battery jar, and an electrolyte injected therein to impregnate the group of plates with the electrolyte, thus performing formation treatment, the lead storage battery being adapted to be used in a partial state of charge where the state of charge is confined within the range of more than 70% to less than 100%, wherein the group of plates are formed of a stack constituted by a large number of negative substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a negative active material, by a large number of positive substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a positive active material, and by a porous separator interposed between the negative electrodes and positive electrodes, and the electrolyte contains at least one kind of ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum ions, selenium ions and titanium ions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A lead storage battery which is operable to be used in a partial state of charge where the state of charge is confined within a range of more than 70% to less than 100%, comprising: a group of plates housed in a battery jar, and an electrolytic solution comprising metal ions dissolved in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid contained in the battery jar; wherein the group of plates are formed of a stack constituted by (i) a plurality of negative substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a negative active material, (ii) a plurality of positive substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a positive active material, and (iii) a porous separator interposed between negative electrodes and positive electrodes; and wherein the metal ions consist essentially of: 0.01 to 0.1 mol/L of aluminum ions; 0.005 to 0.02 mol/L of sodium ions; and unavoidable impurities. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the positive substrates and/or the positive active material further contains at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of metals of bismuth, calcium and antimony, and/or a compound of said at least one kind of metal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The lead storage battery according to claim 2, wherein 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of bismuth, 0.005 to 0.2% by weight of antimony and 0.005 to 1.5% by weight of calcium are contained in the surface of the positive substrates and/or the positive active material as pure metals based on the weight of positive active material. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The lead storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the positive substrates and/or the positive active material further contains tin and/or arsenic as a metal and a compound. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The lead storage battery according to claim 4, wherein the surface of the positive substrates and/or the positive active material further contains tin and/or arsenic in the following amounts: when the positive active material contains solely tin, the amount of tin is 0.05 to 1.0% by weight, or when the positive active material contains solely arsenic, the amount is 0.005 to 1.0% by weight, or when the positive active material contains both tin and arsenic, the amount of tin is 0.05 to 1.0% by weight and the amount of arsenic is 0.005 to 0.2% by weight. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive substrates are formed of a lead-calcium-based alloy; a surface of the positive substrates and/or the positive active material contains at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of bismuth, antimony and calcium, and/or a compound of said at least one kind of metal; and the negative active material further contains 0.05-5.0 wt % of carbon. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The lead storage battery according to claim 6, wherein the carbon included in the negative active material is carbon black, graphite or activated carbon. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive active material contains expanded graphite. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The lead storage battery according to claim 8, wherein the positive active material contains expanded graphite in an amount of 0.1-2.0 wt % based on the positive active material. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative active material further contains 0.05-5.0 wt % of carbon. ### Claim 11 A lead storage battery which is operable to be used in a partial state of charge where the state of charge is confined within a range of more than 70% to less than 100%, comprising a group of plates housed in a battery jar, and an electrolytic solution comprising metal ions dissolved in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid contained in the battery jar; wherein the group of plates are formed of a stack constituted by (i) a plurality of negative substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a negative active material, (ii) a plurality of positive substrates comprising grid substrates filled with a positive active material, and (iii) a porous separator interposed between negative electrodes and positive electrodes; and wherein the metal ions consist essentially of: 0.01 to 0.1 mol/L of aluminum ions; 0.005 to 0.02 mol/L of sodium ions; 0.005 to 0.14 mol/L of lithium ions; and unavoidable impurities.