# US 8,771,604 B2 · Gasifier liner > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,771,604 B2 - Document ID: US8771604B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 11/702,999 - Filed: 2007-02-06 - Published: 2008-08-07 - Granted: 2014-07-08 - Earliest claimed: 2007-02-06 - Assignees: Aerojet Rocketdyne of DE, Inc. - Applicants: Mark A. Fitzsimmons; Stephen Arthur Yows; Steven P. Fusselman - Inventors: Mark A. Fitzsimmons; Stephen Arthur Yows; Steven P. Fusselman - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771604B2 ## CPC - F27D 1/045: {Bricks for lining cylindrical bodies, e.g. skids, tubes} - C10J 3/485: {Entrained flow gasifiers} - C10J 3/74: Construction of shells or jackets - F27D 1/12: incorporating cooling arrangements - C10J 2200/09: Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means - C10J 2200/152: Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions - F27D: DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE - C10J: PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295); CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES ## Abstract A liner for use within a gasifier vessel includes a plurality of elongated channels and a plurality of ceramic sheaths. The elongated channels pass coolant through the gasifier. The ceramic sheaths surround the elongated channels. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A liner for use within a gasifier vessel, the liner comprising: a plurality of elongated channels having an inner surface and an outer surface for passing coolant through the gasifier vessel; and a plurality of ceramic sheaths covering the elongated channels and aligned with each other to form a circular cross section and define an inner surface and outer surface of the liner, wherein each sheath covers one of the elongated channels, and wherein the sheaths are in thermal communication with the elongated channels so that the inner surface of the liner is cooled by coolant flowing through the elongated channels and slag is frozen onto the inner surface of the liner, and wherein the sheaths and the elongated channels are decoupled, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are tubes, wherein each tube includes a respective tip flange at an end thereof, wherein each of the plurality of sheaths are supported on the respective tip flange. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the ceramic sheaths are formed of at least one of the group consisting of: a ceramic and a ceramic matrix composite. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the ceramic sheaths covering a single elongated channel are segmented. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The liner of claim 3, wherein the ceramic sheaths covering a single elongated channel are connected to each other by at least one of the group consisting of: bevel joints and rabbet joints. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the elongated channels extend along a length of the liner. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, and further comprising a first tip circumferentially surrounding only one elongated channel of the plurality of elongated cooling channels and maintaining one ceramic sheath of the plurality of ceramic sheaths in position over the one elongated channel. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the ceramic sheaths float on the elongated cooling channels. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the plurality of ceramic sheaths have a non-uniform axial length relative to one another. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are formed of metal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The liner of claim 1, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are tubes arranged parallel to one another, and are spaced apart from each other. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The liner of claim 10, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are disposed in a cylindrical arrangement. ### Claim 12 A gasifier comprising: a vessel; a plurality of elongated channels housed within the vessel, wherein each of the elongated channels has a head end, an aft end, an inner surface and an outer surface; a metal flange for connecting the head ends of each of the elongated channels; a plurality of ceramic sheaths, each sheath decoupled from but surrounding one of the plurality of elongated channels, wherein the ceramic sheaths are aligned with each other to form a circular cross section; and a liner having an inner surface defined by the plurality of ceramic sheaths, wherein the ceramic sheaths are positioned to be cooled by coolant flowing through the elongated channels so that slag freezes onto the inner surface of the liner, wherein a plurality of tips supporting the plurality of ceramic sheaths are attached to the plurality of elongated channels at the aft ends of the plurality of elongated channels. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein the ceramic sheaths surrounding a single elongated channel are segmented. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The gasifier of claim 13, wherein the ceramic sheaths surrounding a single elongated channel are connected to each other by at least one of the group consisting of: bevel joints and rabbet joints. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein the ceramic sheaths are formed of at least one of the group consisting of: a monolithic ceramic and a ceramic matrix composite. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, and further comprising a plurality of tips for maintaining the ceramic sheaths in position over the elongated channels, wherein each tip is positioned over only one elongated channel. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein the ceramic sheaths float on the elongated cooling channels. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein the plurality of ceramic sheaths have a non-uniform axial length relative to one another. ### Claim 19 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein an axially aft end of channel suspended in the vessel and in fluid communication with the vessel. ### Claim 20 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are formed of metal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 12) The gasifier of claim 12, wherein a plurality of tips supporting the plurality of ceramic sheaths are stacked on the plurality of elongated channels. ### Claim 22 A gasifier comprising: a vessel; a plurality of elongated channels housed within the vessel, wherein each of the elongated channels has a head end, an aft end, an inner surface and an outer surface; a metal flange for connecting the head ends of each of the elongated channels; a plurality of ceramic sheaths, each sheath decoupled from but surrounding one of the plurality of elongated channels, wherein the ceramic sheaths are aligned with each other to form a circular cross section; and a liner having an inner surface defined by the plurality of ceramic sheaths, wherein the ceramic sheaths are positioned to be cooled by coolant flowing through the elongated channels so that slag freezes onto the inner surface of the liner, wherein aft ends of the plurality of elongated channels are suspended within the vessel, wherein the plurality of elongated channels are arranged to communicate coolant into the vessel at the aft end.