# US 8,771,472 B2 · Treatment, such as cutting, soaking and/or washing, of organic material > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,771,472 B2 - Document ID: US8771472B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/144,215 - Filed: 2010-01-13 - Published: 2012-02-16 - Granted: 2014-07-08 - Earliest claimed: 2009-01-13 - Assignees: Biogasol ApS - Applicants: Finn Beldring; Dragan Lukic - Inventors: Finn Beldring; Dragan Lukic - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771472B2 ## CPC - D21B 1/345: {Pulpers} - D21B 1/342: {Mixing apparatus} - D21B 1/34: Kneading or mixing; Pulpers - D21B 1/347: {Rotor assemblies} - Y02E 50/10: Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel - D21B: FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract The invention relates to an apparatus for treating material by cutting, soaking and/or washing of the material, wherein the apparatus comprises a receptacle, a discharge element with a vortex generator and pumping means arranged to pump fluid and material from the receptacle towards the vortex generator, wherein the vortex generator and pumping means in combination are adapted to generate a vortex in the form of a conic helix in the fluid extending into the receptacle. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for treating material, the treatment comprising cutting, soaking and/or washing of the material, the apparatus comprising: a receptacle comprising wall elements defining an interior volume of the receptacle adapted to contain fluid and material to be treated, an infeed device for feeding material to be treated into fluid contained in the receptacle, a discharge element in upstream fluid communication with the interior of the receptacle and in downstream fluid communication with a fluid connection, the discharge element comprising a vortex generator, a pump is arranged downstream of the vortex generator in order to pump fluid with material from the receptacle towards the vortex generator and into the downstream fluid connection so that said material is retained in said receptacle for a retention time, the vortex generator and the pump in combination being adapted to generate a vortex in the form of a conic helix in the fluid in use, so that the vortex extends axially into the receptacle with said fluid and said material following a conical path having a velocity varying in direction around an axis of the vortex from said infeed device to said discharge element, and a user operable pump controller operably connected to said pump to control a rate of pumping of said fluid by said pump, said infeed device being arranged to feed said material into the receptacle at a location disposed lateral of said axis between a said wall element and said axis so that the material is delivered to the vortex where the velocity of the vortex is directed downward, wherein the flow rate of said fluid in the direction towards the discharge element is controllable by the pump upon user operation of said pump controller so that the retention time of the material in the receptacle is controlled. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the discharge element comprises a flow channel extending out from the receptacle, the vortex generator being positioned downstream in the flow channel as seen from an inlet of the flow channel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flow channel of the discharge element is funnel-shaped tapering towards the vortex generator. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a separator for separating out a stream of fluid containing material that has gone through the discharge element and a residual stream of fluid containing substantially no treated material, the separator being positioned downstream of discharge element. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the separator comprises dewatering means, such as one or more centrifuges or means for sedimentation of the treated material. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a recirculation flow line recirculating fluid extracted from the receptacle back to the receptacle. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) An apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the fluid recirculation flow line is connected to the separator in such a manner that the residual fluid is recirculated to the receptacle to enter the receptacle at a location disposed lateral of said axis between a said wall element and said axis so that the residual fluid is delivered to the vortex where the velocity of the vortex is directed downward. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the receptacle comprises internally one or more rotatable elements and/or one or more of the wall elements defining the interior volume of the receptacle is/are rotatable. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises more than one discharge element. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the discharge elements are position adjacent to each other in the same wall elements. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the discharge elements are positioned opposite to each other in opposite wall elements. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vortex generator comprises a rotatable cutting element, the cutting element being adapted to cut material flowing in a fluid towards the cutting element. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) An apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the cutting element comprises a plurality of radially extending arms with cutting edges pointing in the rotational direction. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fluid feed adapted to produce a flow of fluid emerging into fluid contained in the receptacle during operation of the apparatus at a location disposed lateral of said axis between a said wall element and said axis so that the fluid is delivered to the vortex where the velocity of the vortex is directed downward. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the outlet of the fluid feed is arranged below the surface of the fluid. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) An apparatus according claim 14, wherein the apparatus comprises a recirculation flow line feeding recirculating fluid extracted from the receptacle back to the receptacle and the fluid feed is carried by the recirculation flow line. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) An apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the fluid feed is adapted to deliver the fluid in a direction being substantially parallel to the velocity of the vortex in the receptacle at the point of delivery. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a wall element constituting the bottom of the receptacle is sloping relatively to the horizontal direction. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein a matter outlet is provided at the position where the bottom has it lowest internally positioned section. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the infeed device comprises conveyer means for conveying material to be treated into fluid contained in the receptacle. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the infeed device is adapted to deliver the material to be treated in a direction being substantially parallel to the velocity of the vortex in the receptacle at the point of delivery. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the infeed device is adapted to deliver the material at a speed being at least 50% of, the fluid at the position of delivery in the receptacle of the material. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a measuring device for measuring the mass of the material and/or the water content in the material being fed into the receptacle. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) An apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the measuring device is arranged in the infeed device. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a separator for separating out a stream of fluid containing material that has gone through the discharge element and a residual stream of fluid containing substantially no treated material, the separator being positioned downstream of the pump. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fluid feed adapted to produce a flow of fluid, the flow of fluid being a jet, emerging into fluid contained in the container during operation of the apparatus. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the infeed device comprises conveyer means for conveying material to be treated into fluid contained in the receptacle at a position below the surface of the fluid. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the infeed device is adapted to deliver the material at a speed substantially the same as the speed of the fluid at the position of delivery in the receptacle of the material. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a measuring device for measuring in a continuous manner the mass of the material and/or the water content in the material being fed into the receptacle. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vortex generator is constituted by a fluid feed adapted to produce a flow of fluid emerging into fluid contained in the receptacle during operation of the apparatus.