# US 8,771,444 B2 · Low emissivity and EMI shielding window films

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- Number: US 8,771,444 B2
- Document ID: US8771444B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/940,569
- Filed: 2013-08-06
- Published: 2013-12-26
- Granted: 2014-07-08
- Earliest claimed: 2010-03-01
- Assignees: CPFilms Inc.
- Applicants: CPFilms Inc.
- Inventors: Charles Nicholas Van Nutt; James Peyton Enniss; Jaime Antonio Li; Anthony Brian Port; Scott E. Pickett; Jeremy B. Stegall; Coby Lee Hubbard; Rita M. Phillips; Steven Allen Barth
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771444B2

## CPC

- G02B 5/208: {for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation}
- B32B 7/06: permitting easy separation
- B32B 7/12: using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
- B32B 15/04: comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, {which is} next to another layer of {the same or of} a {different material (next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/08; next to a water-setting substance layer B32B13/06; next to a glass layer B32B17/061; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/042)}
- B32B 15/08: of synthetic resin
- B32B 15/20: comprising aluminium or copper {(B32B15/016 and B32B15/017 take precedence)}
- B32B 17/10: of synthetic resin
- B32B 17/1022: {Metallic coatings}
- B32B 27/06: as the main or only constituent of a layer, {which is} next to another layer of {the same or of} a {different material (next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/045; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/046; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/12; next to a metal layer B32B15/08; next to a glass layer B32B17/10; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/045; next to a wood layer B32B21/08; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/08; next to a natural or synthetic rubber layer B32B25/08)}
- B32B 27/08: of synthetic resin
- B32B 27/20: using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
- B32B 27/26: using curing agents
- B32B 27/28: comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups {B32B27/30 - B32B27/42}
- B32B 27/30: comprising vinyl {(co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers}
- B32B 27/308: {comprising acrylic (co)polymers}
- B32B 27/36: comprising polyesters
- C08J 7/0423: {with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder}
- C08J 7/043: Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers (adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the primer layers between the polymer carriers and the adhesives C09J7/50)
- C08J 7/044: Forming conductive coatings; Forming coatings having anti-static properties
- C08J 7/046: Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
- G02B 5/0808: {having a single reflecting layer (G02B5/0883, G02B5/0891 take precedence)}
- B32B 2250/40: Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
- B32B 2255/06: on metal layer
- B32B 2255/10: on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
- B32B 2255/20: Inorganic coating
- B32B 2255/205: Metallic coating
- B32B 2255/26: Polymeric coating
- B32B 2255/28: Multiple coating on one surface
- B32B 2307/202: Conductive
- B32B 2307/204: Di-electric
- B32B 2307/206: Insulating
- B32B 2307/212: Electromagnetic interference shielding
- B32B 2307/412: Transparent
- B32B 2307/416: Reflective
- B32B 2367/00: Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
- B32B 2419/00: Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B 2605/006: Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
- C08J 2367/02: Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds; (C08J2367/06 takes precedence)
- C08J 2433/08: Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
- G02B 5/26: Reflecting filters (G02B5/28 takes precedence)
- Y10T 29/49826: Assembling or joining
- Y10T 156/10: Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T 428/12549: Adjacent to each other
- Y10T 428/24975: No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
- Y10T 428/265: 1 mil or less
- Y10T 428/31663: As siloxane, silicone or silane
- Y10T 428/31678: Of metal
- Y10T 428/31681: Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
- Y10T 428/31699: Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
- Y10T 428/31786: Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
- Y10T 428/31855: Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A low emissivity and EMI shielding transparent composite film typically for use in association with window glazing and comprising a transparent film substrate having on one side thereof an underlayer of abrasion resistant hardcoat material with at least one infrared reflective layer covering the underlayer, typically a metallic layer which may be encased in metal oxide layers, which is then covered with a thin external protective top coat of a cured fluorinated resin.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for selectively reducing emissivity through a surface, the method comprising:
providing a low emissivity composite film, comprising:
a film substrate;
an underlayer of abrasion resistant hardcoat material coated on the film substrate and comprising a crosslinked acrylate polymer and metal oxide nanoparticles, the underlayer having a dried thickness of about 2 to about 6 microns and an abrasion delta haze of about 3 to about 5%; and
at least one infrared reflective layer;
a transparent protective top coat comprising a polysilazane, fluoro silane, fluoroalkyl silane, or combination thereof, wherein the protective top coat has a thickness of less than about 0.5 microns and is disposed over the infrared reflective layer;
wherein the composite film has an emissivity of less than about 0.30; and
wherein the underlayer is disposed between the film substrate and the infrared reflective layer; and
selectively positioning the low emissivity composite film relative to a generally planar surface so that either;
the low emissivity composite film is arranged in a first position generally coplanar with the surface to reduce emissivity through the surface; or
the low emissivity composite film is arranged in a second position generally non-coplanar with the surface to not reduce emissivity through the surface.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the surface comprises an exterior surface of a window.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the surface comprises an interior surface of a window.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the surface comprises a surface of a skylight.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the surface comprises a surface of a wall.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the low emissivity film is only in proximity to the surface when in the first position.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6 wherein the low emissivity composite film is rolled when moved from the first to the second position.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the low emissivity film is in proximity to the surface when in both the first position and the second position.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the low emissivity film is adhered to a shade which is positioned in proximity to the generally planar surface.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8 wherein the low emissivity film is adhered to a blind which is positioned in proximity to the generally planar surface.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the infrared reflecting layer comprises at least one core metallic layer selected from aluminum, copper, gold, nickel, silver, platinum, palladium, tungsten, titanium, and alloys thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the infrared reflecting layer further comprises at least one thin metal film having a thickness of about 1 to about 5 nm and comprising at least one metal selected from nickel, chromium, niobium, gold, platinum, cobalt, zinc, molybdenum, zirconium, vanadium, mixtures thereof, and alloys thereof.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the thin metal film comprises a nickel-chromium alloy.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the infrared reflective layer comprises at least one spacer layer comprising a transparent conductive layer, a dielectric layer, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the infrared reflective layer comprises at least one transparent conductive layer comprising indium zinc oxide.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide nanoparticles have a particle size of 0.1 micron or less.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the underlayer comprises about 21 to about 65 weight percent nanoparticles, based on the total weight of the hardcoat material.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide nanoparticles comprise silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, or a combination thereof.