# US 8,771,275 B2 · Device for shaping object with a profile of at least a partial sphere

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- Number: US 8,771,275 B2
- Document ID: US8771275B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/236,479
- Filed: 2008-09-23
- Published: 2010-03-25
- Granted: 2014-07-08
- Earliest claimed: 2008-09-23
- Applicants: Ping Xie; Xue Li
- Inventors: Ping Xie; Xue Li
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771275B2

## CPC

- A61B 17/1666: {for the acetabulum}
- A61B 17/1617: {with mobile or detachable parts}
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

A device for shaping an object with a profile of at least partial sphere defined by a radius, Rsph and a maximum breadth, Dmax of the sphere comprises at least one featured frame. A cutting element has been substantially positioned on a position located within a circular orbit by the featured frame and shaped with at least a portion of circular cutting edge with a uniform radius, rCE, which is able to free spinning-able on its spinning axis while, simultaneously the featured frame revolts on a circular orbit around the polar axis of the spherical object. The circular orbit of each cutting element is defined as a motion track of a circular center of the cutting edge around the polar axis and characterized by a radius, rorb, and a tilted angle α, thereof.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A device for shaping a spherical surface comprising:
a drive shaft rotating about a longitudinal axis;
at least one attachment frame having at least two mounting sites referenced to a common spherical center located on the longitudinal axis;
each mounting site having a corresponding circular cutting element with cutting edge at its circumference;
each corresponding cutting element having its own self-spinning axis intersecting the longitudinal axis at the common spherical center, and a cutting depth, D, along the longitudinal axis;
the cutting edge circumference of all the corresponding cutting elements maintains a common distance defining a common spherical radius, Rsph, referenced to the common spherical center;
at least one of the corresponding cutting elements having a different cutting depth from at least one other corresponding cutting element; and
an overall cutting depth of the spherical surface to be shaped by the device is determined by a permutation of all the cutting depths of all the corresponding cutting elements along the longitudinal axis; wherein
common spherical radius, Rsph, is determined by selecting a proper combination of an arm length, rorb, of the attachment frame, and the cutting element radius, rce, of each cutting element; and
the cutting depth of each corresponding cutting element is determined by a proper combination of the cutting element radius, rce, and a tilt angle, α, of each cutting element, according to the following expressions, respectively:
Rsph=√{square root over ((rorb)2+(rce)2)}{square root over ((rorb)2+(rce)2)}; 1)
and
D=2rce sin(180−α). 2)

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The device of claim 1, wherein
at least one of the corresponding cutting element cutting edge intersects the longitudinal axis at the common distance; wherein
the cutting depth of at least one of the corresponding cutting element is partially overlapped with the cutting depth of another cutting element.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The device of claim 1, wherein the attachment frame further comprises:
a first attachment frame and a second attachment frame concentrically arranged;
each of the first attachment frame and the second attachment frame having at least two mounting sites arranged symmetrically apart from the longitudinal axis; wherein
the first attachment frame and the second attachment frame are independently driven by the drive shaft.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The device of claim 3, wherein
the drive shaft has a main drive shaft and an auxiliary drive shaft concentrically arranged;
the first attachment frame is driven at a lower rotating speed by the main drive shaft; and
second attachment frame is driven at a higher rotating speed by the auxiliary drive shaft concentrically resided within the main drive shaft.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The device of claim 3, wherein
the corresponding cutting elements of the first attachment frame having different cutting depth from the corresponding cutting elements of the second attachment frame; and
the cutting depths of the corresponding cutting elements of the first and second attachment frames, respectively, are adjacent to each other.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The device of claim 3, wherein
the corresponding cutting elements of the first attachment frame and the second attachment frame having different tilt angles, respectively; and
the cutting depths of the corresponding cutting elements of the first and second attachment frames, respectively, are adjacent to each other.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The device of claim 6, wherein
the first attachment frame is driven at a first rotating speed;
the second attachment frame is driven at a second rotating speed.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The device of claim 1, wherein
the arm length, rorb, of each mounting site, and the cutting element radius, rce, of each corresponding cutting element, are the same; and
the cutting edge of one of the corresponding cutting element intersects the longitudinal axis at the common distance.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The device of claim 8, wherein
the tilt angles of the at least two mounting sites, respectively, are different from each other; and
the cutting depths of the corresponding cutting element of the at least two mounting sites, respectively, are partially overlapped to each other.

### Claim 10

A device having an adjustable cutting profile for shaping at least a portion of a spherical surface comprising:
an attachment base having at least one guiding slot and rotating around a longitudinal axis;
an adjustment mechanism located on the attachment base;
a plurality of arms, each being moveable within the corresponding guiding slot, having mounting site connected to a circular cutting element at a distal end; and
a plurality of links connected to each corresponding arms to the adjustment mechanism; wherein
each cutting element having a cutting surface rotating around its own self-spinning axis, a radius, rce, a tilt angle, α, defining an angle between the longitudinal axis and the self-spinning axis, a cutting depth, D, of a partial spherical surface to be shaped, an arm length, rorb, defining a distance between a common spherical center along the longitudinal axis and a circular center of the cutting surface, and forming a spherical radius, Rsph, of a partial spherical surface to be shaped; wherein
the spherical radius, Rsph, is determined by selecting the proper combination of the arm length, rorb, and the cutting element radius, rce, of each cutting element; and
the cutting depth, D, of the partial spherical surface shaped is determined by selecting the proper combination of the cutting element radius, rce, and the tilt angle, α, of each cutting element, according to the following expressions, respectively:
Rsph=√{square root over ((rorb)2(rce)2)}{square root over ((rorb)2(rce)2)}; 1)
and
D=2rce sin(180+α); 2)
wherein
the portion of the spherical surface to be shaped by the device is a permutation of all the partial spherical surfaces shaped by each cutting element along a direction of the longitudinal axis.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The device of claim 10, wherein
varying the spherical radius, Rsph, is equivalent to varying the arm length, rorb, of the corresponding cutting element according to the formula 1).

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The device of claim 10, wherein
each cutting element mounted on the corresponding arms is referenced to the same common spherical center, forming the same spherical radius, Rsph; wherein
the cutting depth, D, of each of the cutting element is arranged to be partially overlapped, completely overlapped or adjacent with each other.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The device of claim 12, wherein
the guiding slot is arc-shaped, having a track radius, rrack, and a track center thereof situated at an imaginary apex of the spherical surface to be shaped by the device.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The device of claim 13, wherein
the plurality of arms comprising a pair of arc-shaped swing arms movable within the arc-shaped guiding slot;
each of the_swing arms has a swing angle, φ, defined by an angle between a horizontal plane of each cutting element and the longitudinal axis;
the adjustment mechanism continually varying the swing angle, φ, by moving the swing arms through the guiding slot referenced to the track center.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The device of claim 14, wherein
the varying of the swing angle, φ, is equivalent to simultaneously varying both the spherical radius, Rsph, and the cutting depth, D, of the cutting element.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The device of claim 14, wherein
the adjustment mechanism having sliding members coupled with each of the corresponding plurality of links for continually varying at least the spherical radius, Rsph, of each cutting element.

### Claim 17

A device having a variable cutting profile for shaping a spherical surface comprising:
a hollow main drive shaft rotating about a longitudinal axis;
an auxiliary drive shaft concentrically arranged within the main drive shaft;
an attachment frame driven by the main drive shaft, having an angled passage with a predetermined tilt angle, α;
the angled passage has a frame length, ratt, spaced away from a common spherical center of the spherical surface to be shaped on the longitudinal axis;
an one-piece angled soft shaft arranged within the angled passage, driven directly by the auxiliary drive shaft at one end;
an interchangeable circular cutting element with cutting edge at its circumference;
the cutting element having its own self-spinning axis referenced to the common spherical center;
the cutting edge circumference of the cutting element maintains a common distance defining a spherical radius, Rsph, of the spherical surface to be shaped, referenced to the common spherical center;
the cutting edge of the cutting element intersects the longitudinal axis at the common distance;
the cutting element having an integral coupler with a specific coupler length, Δrorb, and a predetermined radius, rce; and
the integral coupler is connected to another end of the angled soft shaft;
the cutting edge of the cutting element maintains a common distance defining the spherical radius, Rsph, referenced to the common spherical center; wherein
a total arm length, rorb, of the cutting element is determined by:
rorb=ratt+Δrorb;
the cutting element has a cutting depth, D, determined by an angle combination of the tilt angle, α, and the radius, rce, according to a formula:
D=2rce sin(180−α), 1)
and
the common_spherical radius, Rsph, of the spherical surface to be shaped is determined by a combination of the radius, rce, and the total arm length, rorb, of the corresponding cutting element, according to a formula:
Rsph=√{square root over ((rorb)2+(rce)2)}{square root over ((rorb)2+(rce)2)}. 2)

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The device of claim 17, wherein
the cutting element is interchangeable with another cutting element having different cutting element radius and coupler length.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The device of claim 17, wherein
the main drive shaft is rotating at a lower speed than the auxiliary drive shaft; and
the spherical radius, Rsph, of the spherical surface to be shaped is variable by the arm length, rorb, according to formula 2).