# US 8,771,265 B2 · Polymer composites for biomedical applications and methods of making

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- Number: US 8,771,265 B2
- Document ID: US8771265B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/797,453
- Filed: 2010-06-09
- Published: 2010-09-30
- Granted: 2014-07-08
- Earliest claimed: 2003-06-05
- Assignees: DFine, Inc.
- Applicants: Csaba Truckai
- Inventors: Csaba Truckai
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8771265B2

## CPC

- A61B 17/12113: {within an aneurysm}
- A61B 17/12022: {Occluding by internal devices, e.g. balloons or releasable wires (plugging an opening in the wall of an organ A61B17/0057; occluders for the cervical canal A61F6/146; vas deferens occluders A61F6/20)}
- A61B 17/12045: {double occlusion, e.g. during anastomosis}
- A61B 17/12118: {for positioning in conjunction with a stent}
- A61B 17/12136: {Balloons}
- A61B 17/1214: {Coils or wires}
- A61B 17/12168: {having a mesh structure (A61B17/1214 takes precedence)}
- A61B 17/12181: {formed by fluidized, gelatinous or cellular remodelable materials, e.g. embolic liquids, foams or extracellular matrices}
- A61B 17/12186: {liquid materials adapted to be injected}
- A61B 18/04: by heating (by applying electromagnetic radiation A61B18/18)
- D04H 1/42: characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- A61B 2017/12068: {detachable by heat}
- A61B 2017/12072: {the heat created by laser light}
- A61B 2018/00416: {Treatment of aneurisms}
- A61B 2018/00589: {Coagulation}
- Y10T 428/249924: Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- D04H: MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL (weaving D03; knitting D04B; braiding D04C; net-making D04G; sewing D05B; tufting D05C; finishing non-woven fabrics D06); FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING {; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION}(non-woven fabrics having an intermediate or external layer of a different kind, e.g. of woven fabric, B32B)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A biomedical polymer composite that exhibits ultra-low thermal conductivity properties. In a preferred embodiment, the biomedical polymer composite comprises a base polymer component with a dispersed thermally non-conductive filler component consisting of glass or ceramic nanospheres or microspheres that have a thermal conductivity of less than 5 W/m-K, and preferably less than 2 W/m-K. In one embodiment, the polymer composite has an electrically conductive filler and can be used in a filament for treating arteriovascular malformations. In another embodiment, the polymeric composite can be used as an energy-coupling means to apply energy to tissue.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of thermally treating tissue in a body, comprising:
selecting a targeted portion of a tissue structure to be ablated using transmitted energy;
identifying a nearby insulation portion of tissue to be insulated from the transmitted energy;
introducing a flowable material into a delivery lumen of an elongate introducer, such that the flowable material flows through the delivery lumen, exits out a distal opening of the elongate introducer, and is deposited onto the insulation portion of tissue, thereby forming an insulative layer on the insulation portion of tissue;
electrically coupling a radiofrequency (RF) energy source to a conductive liquid or gel electrode contacting the targeted portion of the tissue structure;
transmitting RF energy from the RF energy source to the targeted portion of the tissue structure via the conductive liquid or gel electrode to thereby treat at least a portion of the targeted portion of the tissue structure.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein introducing the flowable material comprises extruding the flowable material through the delivery lumen.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein extruding comprises manually actuating an extrusion device configured to induce flow of the flowable material out the distal opening of the elongate introducer.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the insulative layer comprises a base polymer and a dispersed nonconductive filler.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the nonconductive filler comprises hollow microspheres.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the base polymer comprises a bio-absorbable material.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein the hollow microspheres comprise a ceramic or glass.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the base polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyamide, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal, thermoplastic modified cellulose, polysulfone, thermoplastic polyester, PET, poly(ethyl acrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate), nylon, fluoropolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the insulative layer has a thermal conductivity of less than about 5 W/m-K.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the insulative layer comprises a thermochromic material.