# US 8,769,960 B2 · Gas turbine engine mixing duct and method to start the engine

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- Number: US 8,769,960 B2
- Document ID: US8769960B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 11/255,339
- Filed: 2005-10-21
- Published: 2007-04-26
- Granted: 2014-07-08
- Earliest claimed: 2005-10-21
- Assignees: Rolls-Royce Canada, Ltd.
- Applicants: Tomas Scarinci
- Inventors: Tomas Scarinci
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8769960B2

## CPC

- F02C 7/26: Starting; Ignition
- F02C 7/222: {Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds}
- F23R 3/14: by using swirl vanes
- F23R 3/286: {having fuel-air premixing devices (F23R3/30 takes precedence)}
- F05D 2240/127: Vortex generators, turbulators, or the like, for mixing
- F23D 2207/00: Ignition devices associated with burner
- F02C: GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B11/00)
- F23R: GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS (fluidised bed combustion apparatus specially adapted for operation at superatmospheric pressures F23C10/16)
- F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F23D: BURNERS

## Abstract

A combustion chamber device having a field static pressure gradient adapted to expel a flame kernel or hot spot from a fuel-air mixing duct. The swirling flow passing through an annular mixing duct is turned from a radial direction to an axial direction before entering the combustion chamber. An ignition source located within the fuel-air mixing duct can then be used to start the combustion process in the gas turbine.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus comprising:
a housing;
a centerbody located within said housing;
a combustion chamber;
an annular fluid flow passage located within said housing and around at least a portion of said centerbody, said annular fluid flow passageway having an outlet in flow communication with said combustion chamber;
a plurality of radial vanes located within said housing and adapted to impart swirl to a working fluid flow passing through said annular fluid flow passage; and
wherein said annular fluid flow passage between said plurality of radial vanes and said outlet being a curvilinear passage configured to turn the working fluid flow from a radial inwards direction to an axial direction and the force due to the swirling motion of the working fluid flow is equal and opposite to the force due to turning the working fluid flow from a radial direction to an axial direction.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said annular fluid flow passage has a curvature defined by Rm/Rc=(tan α)2 as applied from an outlet plane at said outlet, wherein Rm is the mean square radius at the outlet plane, Rc is the radius of curvature of the annular fluid flow passage and a is the angle of the swirled flow from said plurality of radial vanes.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said annular fluid flow passage has a constant height.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, which further includes an igniter, a portion of said igniter is located within said annular fluid flow passage; and
which further includes means for delivering fuel within said annular fluid flow passage.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said portion of the igniter is located in an upstream portion of said annular fluid flow passage.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said annular fluid flow passage has a constant height;
which further includes an igniter, at least a portion of said igniter is located within said annular fluid flow passage;
which further includes a fuel delivery device in fluid flow communication with said annular fluid flow passage; and
wherein said annular fluid flow passage has a decreasing static pressure gradient with the lowest static pressure at said outlet.