# US 8,740,095 B2 · Security element > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,740,095 B2 - Document ID: US8740095B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/304,522 - Filed: 2007-06-13 - Published: 2009-12-31 - Granted: 2014-06-03 - Earliest claimed: 2006-06-27 - Assignees: Giesecke & Devrient GmbH - Applicants: Marius Dichtl - Inventors: Marius Dichtl - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8740095B2 ## CPC - B42D 25/342: Moiré effects - B42D 25/00: Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof (printing processes to produce identification or security features B41M3/14) - B42D 25/21: for multiple purposes - B42D 25/29: Securities; Bank notes - D21H 21/42: Ribbons or strips (filaments D21H15/06) - B42D 25/41: using electromagnetic radiation (B42D25/435 takes precedence) - B42D 2033/24 - D21H 21/44: Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods - Y10T 29/49826: Assembling or joining - B42D: BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS - D21H: PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract The present invention relates to a security element for security papers, value documents and the like, having a micro-optical moiré magnification arrangement having a motif image (30) that consists of a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of micromotif elements (36, 38), and a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of microfocusing elements for the moiré-magnified viewing of the micromotif elements (36, 38) of the motif image, the motif image (30) including two or more sub-regions (32, 34) having micromotif elements (36, 38) that differ from each other in their contrast, and wherein the shape of the sub-regions (32, 34) forms, due to the contrast differences in the micromotif elements (36, 38), a perceptible macroscopic piece of image information in the form of characters, patterns or codes. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A security element for security papers, value documents and the like, comprising a micro-optical moiré magnification arrangement comprising a motif image that consists of a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of micromotif elements, a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of microfocusing elements for the moiré-magnified viewing of the micromotif elements of the motif image, and an optical spacing layer joined to the motif image and the arrangement of microfocusing elements, the motif image including two or more sub-regions comprising micromotif elements that differ from each other in their contrast, and the shape of the sub-regions forming a macroscopic piece of image information, in the form of characters, patterns or codes, that is perceptible due to the contrast differences in the micromotif elements; wherein the contrast differences are produced by a variation in the line width and/or the line depth and/or the color of the micromotif elements; wherein the motif image and the arrangement of microfocusing elements are joinedly arranged at opposing surfaces of the optical spacing layer. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the sub-regions each have dimensions of 0.1 mm or more. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the contours of the sub-regions form the macroscopic piece of image information. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the sub-regions each depict regions of identical brightness level in a halftone image. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the micromotif elements of the sub-regions each exhibit the same shape. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the micromotif elements of the sub-regions exhibit different shapes, at least in part. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the micromotif elements are present in the sub-regions in two, three, four or five contrast gradations. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the contrast transitions between adjacent sub-regions are discontinuous. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the contrast transitions between adjacent sub-regions are continuous. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the contrast of the micromotif elements is very low in at least one sub-region. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral dimensions of the micromotif elements and the microfocusing elements are below about 100 μm. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the micromotif elements in the sub-regions are each arranged in the form of a grid and the grid arrangements in different sub-regions differ in at least one grid parameter, especially in the line screen, the grid orientation or the lattice symmetry of the grid. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The security element according to claim 12, characterized in that the microfocusing element arrangement is subdivided into sub-regions in which the arrangement of the microfocusing elements is coordinated in each case with the grid arrangement of the associated sub-region of the micromotif elements. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the macroscopic piece of image information is perceptible in transmission. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of micromotif elements and the arrangement of microfocusing elements each forms, at least locally, a two-dimensional Bravais lattice, the arrangement of micromotif elements and/or the arrangement of microfocusing elements forming a Bravais lattice having the symmetry of a parallelogram lattice. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the microfocusing elements are formed by non-cylindrical microlenses, especially by microlenses having a circular or polygonally delimited base area. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the micromotif elements are present in the form of microcharacters or micropatterns. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the total thickness of the security element is below 50 μm. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The security element according to claim 1, characterized in that the security element is a security thread, a tear strip, a security band, a security strip, a patch or a label for application to a security paper, value document or the like. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) A security paper for manufacturing security or value documents, such as banknotes, checks, identification cards, certificates or the like, that is furnished with the security element according to claim 1. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The security paper according to claim 20, characterized in that the security paper comprises a carrier substrate composed of paper or plastic. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) A data carrier, especially a branded article, value document or the like, comprising the security element according to claim 1. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The data carrier according to claim 22, characterized in that the security element is arranged in a window region of the data carrier. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) A use of the security element according to claim 1, of a security paper for manufacturing security or value documents, such as banknotes, checks, identification cards, certificates or the like, that is furnished with the security element, or of a data carrier, especially a branded article, value document or the like, comprising the security element for securing goods of any kind against counterfeiting. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) The security element of claim 1, wherein the lateral dimensions of the micromotif elements and the microfocusing elements are between about 5 μm and about 50 μm. ### Claim 26 A method for manufacturing a security element comprising a micro-optical moiré magnification arrangement, in which a motif image that consists of a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of micromotif elements, and a planar periodic or at least locally periodic arrangement of a plurality of microfocusing elements are arranged such that the micromotif elements are perceptible in magnification when viewed through the microfocusing elements, wherein the micro-optical moiré magnification arrangement further comprises an optical spacing layer joined to the motif image and the arrangement of microfocusing elements, wherein the motif image comprising two or more sub-regions comprising micromotif elements that differ from each other in their contrast are developed in such a way that, due to the contrast differences in the micromotif elements, the shape of the sub-regions forms a perceptible macroscopic piece of image information in the form of characters, patterns or codes; wherein the micromotif elements in different sub-regions are developed having a different line width and/or different line depth and/or different color in order to produce the contrast differences in the micromotif elements; and wherein the motif image and the arrangement of microfocusing elements are joinedly arranged at opposing surfaces of the optical spacing layer. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the micromotif elements are printed on a substrate, preferably in the form of microcharacters or micropatterns. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the sub-regions are each developed having dimensions of 0.1 mm or more. ### Claim 29 (depends on 26) The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the sub-regions are designed such that their contours form the macroscopic piece of image information. ### Claim 30 (depends on 26) The method according to claim 26, characterized in that the sub-regions are designed such that they each depict regions of identical brightness level in a halftone image.