Acrylic ester compound and manufacturing intermediate thereof, method for manufacturing acrylic ester compound, and latent electrostatic image bearing member, image forming method, image forming apparatus and process cartridge

An image forming method comprising:

• forming a latent electrostatic image on a latent electrostatic image bearing member;
• developing the latent electrostatic image with a toner to form a toner image;
• and
• transferring the toner image to a recording medium;
• wherein the latent electrostatic image bearing member comprises one of:
• a cured material obtained through a radical polymerization of a radically polymerizable compound (A1);
• and
• a cured material obtained through a radical polymerization of a radically polymerizable compound (A2) in an outermost layer;
• wherein
• the radically polymerizable compound (A1) comprises two radically polymerizable groups and a substituted amino group which does not include a radically polymerizable group in a molecule;
• the radically polymerizable group and the nearest substituted amino group which do not comprise an unsaturated bond in between are connected with two or more aromatic hydrocarbon compounds;
• the radically polymerizable compound (A2) comprises a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formed by bonding a radically polymerizable group and a non-radically polymerizable substituted amine group through a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group;
• the radically polymerizable compound of component (A1) is at least one compound having a structure represented by formula (1-3);
• and
• the radically polymerizable compound of component (A2) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound having a structure represented by formula (1-5), and a compound having a structure represented by formula (1-6);
• wherein R15 and R16 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
• R17, R18, R19, R20, R23 and R24 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxy group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a halogen atom;
• R21 and R22 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and R21 and R22 may be bonded together to form a heterocycle;
• and i, j, k, l, m and n are the same or different and represent an integer of zero to four;
• wherein R5 and R6 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
• R7 and R8 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxy group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a halogen atom;
• Ar4 represents a 4,4′-biphenylene group;
• Ar11 and Ar12 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent or a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and Ar11 and Ar12 may be bonded together through adjacent carbon atoms to form a heterocycle;
• and n and p are the same or different and represent an integer of zero to six;
• wherein R9 and R10 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
• R11and R12 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxy group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent or a halogen atom;
• R13, R14, R15 and R16 represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxy group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent or a halogen atom;
• and q and r are the same or different and represent an integer of zero to six, s and t are the same or different and represent an integer of zero to five, and u and v are the same or different and represent an integer of zero to four.