Implantable medical device antenna

An antenna comprising:

• a first antenna portion comprising a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a first plane;
• a second antenna portion comprising a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a second plane;
• and
• a third antenna portion comprising a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a third plane, wherein the plurality of segments of the third antenna portion are coupled between segments of the first and second antenna portions, and wherein the third plane is arranged substantially perpendicular to the first plane and the second plane,
• wherein at least one of the first and second antenna portions comprises an antenna loading structure and a coupling structure configured to electrically connect the antenna to one or more electrical components, wherein the antenna loading structure has at least one dimension substantially greater than a corresponding dimension of the plurality of segments of the first and second antenna portions, and wherein the antenna loading structure is arranged toward an end of the antenna not electrically connected to the one or more electrical components and the coupling structure is arranged toward an end of the antenna opposite the antenna loading structure.

A method of forming a three-dimensional antenna, comprising:

• forming, from a substrate, a one-dimensional serpentine structure that comprises a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a plane;
• and
• forming, from the one-dimensional serpentine structure, a three-dimensional antenna that includes a first portion that includes a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a first plane, a second portion that includes a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a second plane, and a third portion that includes a plurality of segments arranged substantially parallel to one another in a third plane, wherein the plurality of segments of the third portion are coupled between segments of the first and second portions, and wherein the third plane is arranged substantially perpendicular to the first plane and the second plane,
• wherein at least one of the first and second antenna portions comprises an antenna loading structure and a coupling structure configured to electrically connect the antenna to one or more electrical components, wherein the antenna loading structure has at least one dimension substantially greater than a corresponding dimension of the plurality of segments of the first and second antenna portions, and wherein the antenna loading structure is arranged toward an end of the antenna not electrically connected to the one or more electrical components and the coupling structure is arranged toward an end of the antenna opposite the antenna loading structure.