Illumination device, projection display, and direct-view display

A projection display comprising:

• an illumination optical system;
• a spatial modulating element that modulates light from the illumination optical system based on an input picture signal to generate image light;
• and
• a projection optical system that projects the image light generated by the spatial modulating element,
• wherein,
• the illumination optical system includes:
• a first light source including a laser diode,
• a first beam spread angle changing element that changes a beam spread angle of light incident from the first light source,
• an integrator that equalizes an illuminance distribution of light in a predetermined illuminated region illuminated with light having passed through the first beam spread angle changing element, and
• a first small-amplitude oscillation element disposed between the first light source and the first beam spread angle changing element or between the first beam spread angle changing element and the integrator, and that changes, from time to time, an illumination state in the illuminated region,
• the integrator is comprised of a first fly-eye lens and a second fly-eye lens, the first fly-eye lens being where light from the first beam spread angle changing element enters, the second fly-eye lens being where light from the first fly-eye lens enters, and
• optical magnification of an optical system configured of the first beam spread angle changing element and the first and second fly-eye lenses, and a shape of the first small-amplitude oscillation element, and an amount of displacement of each light source image by oscillation amplitude of the first small-amplitude oscillation element are such to allow a size of each light source image formed on the second fly-eye lens by each cell of the first fly-eye lens not to exceed a size of one cell of the second fly-eye lens.

A direct-view display comprising:

• an illumination optical system;
• a spatial modulating element that modulates light from the illumination optical system based on an input picture signal to generate image light;
• a projection optical system that projects the image light generated by the spatial modulating element;
• and
• a transmissive screen that displays the image light projected from the projection optical system,
• wherein,
• the illumination optical system includes:
• a first light source including a laser diode,
• a first beam spread angle changing element that changes a beam spread angle of light incident from the first light source,
• an integrator that equalizes an illuminance distribution of light in a predetermined illuminated region illuminated with light having passed through the first beam spread angle changing element, and
• a first small-amplitude oscillation element disposed between the first light source and the first beam spread angle changing element or between the first beam spread angle changing element and the integrator, and that changes, from time to time, an illumination state in the illuminated region,
• the integrator is comprised of a first fly-eye lens and a second fly-eye lens, the first fly-eye lens being where light from the first beam spread angle changing element enters, the second fly-eye lens being where light from the first fly-eye lens enters, and
• optical magnification of an optical system comprised of the first beam spread angle changing element and the first and second fly-eye lenses, and a shape of the first small-amplitude oscillation element, and an amount of displacement of each light source image by oscillation amplitude of the first small-amplitude oscillation element are such to allow a size of each light source image formed on the second fly-eye lens by each cell of the first fly-eye lens not to exceed a size of one cell of the second fly-eye lens.