Methods and systems for scatter estimation in positron emission tomography

#The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to diagnostic imaging systems, and more particularly to Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging systems and scatter correction for PET imaging systems.

#PET imaging systems typically generate images depicting the distribution of positron-emitting nuclides in patients based on coincidence emission events detected using a detector system, usually configured as a ring assembly of detector blocks. The positron interacts with an electron in the body of the patient by annihilation, and then the electron-positron pair is converted into two photons. The photons are emitted in opposite directions along a line of response. The annihilation photons are detected by detectors on both sides of the line of response of the detector ring. The image is then generated based on the acquired emission data that includes the annihilation photon detection information.

#Coincidence detection circuits connected to the detectors record only photons that are detected within a narrow time window by detectors located on opposite sides of a line joining the detectors to the point of annihilation. These detections are deemed to have occurred “simultaneously” and are termed coincidence events. The coincidence events indicate that the positron annihilations occurred along a line joining the two opposing detectors. The coincidence events detected by the PET detector ring assembly are typically stored within data structures called emission sinograms. An emission sinogram is a histogram of the detected coincidence events where each of a plurality of bins in the histogram represents a potential detector pair element.

#FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) dual imaging system formed in accordance with various embodiments.

#FIG. 2 is a diagram of a PET detector ring and an illustration of the construction of a PET sinogram used in various embodiments.

#FIG. 3 is a diagram of a CT detector that acquires CT data for constructing a CT sinogram used in various embodiments.

#The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of certain embodiments will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. To the extent that the figures illustrate diagrams of the functional blocks of various embodiments, the functional blocks are not necessarily indicative of the division between hardware circuitry. Thus, for example, one or more of the functional blocks (e.g., processors or memories) may be implemented in a single piece of hardware (e.g., a general purpose signal processor or random access memory, hard disk, or the like) or multiple pieces of hardware. Similarly, the programs may be stand alone programs, may be incorporated as subroutines in an operating system, may be functions in an installed software package, and the like. It should be understood that the various embodiments are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.

#As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural of said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments “comprising” or “having” an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may include additional such elements not having that property.

#Also as used herein, the phrase “reconstructing an image” is not intended to exclude embodiments in which data representing an image is generated, but a viewable image is not. Therefore, as used herein the term “image” broadly refers to both viewable images and data representing a viewable image. However, many embodiments generate, or are configured to generate, at least one viewable image.