Method and apparatus using optical techniques to measure analyte levels

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises natural pyrolloquiniline quinone (PQQ) and used in conjunction with an autooxidisable electron acceptor such as phenazine methosulphate (PMS) or phenazine ethosulphate (PES);
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO);
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member wherein an emulsion particle that includes an initiator and glucose oxidase (GOX) has a size sufficiently small that it is geometrically impossible for a GOX molecule to fit inside it;
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angularspacing angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises a block copolymer of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), wherein PEO chains are cross-linked:
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the analyte detecting member comprises an emulsion of Ru sensing phase within a group of oxidase sensing materials, said emulsion containing 1:2 (v/v) hydrophobic/hydrophilic phases, 4:1 (w/w) Monomer 5:
• Monomer 1 mixture for the hydrophobic phase and 1 mg/mL GOX content in the hydrophilic phase:
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of wells and a central fluid input port for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes, said plurality of wells coupled to the common input port, each of said wells equidistant to the input port;
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A device for use in a metering device for measuring analyte levels in a sample fluid, said device comprising:

• a housing
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of penetrating;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members mounted on said cartridge, each of said detecting members providing an indicator of analyte levels in said sample fluid, wherein the cartridge includes a plurality of wells and a central fluid input port for receiving a body fluid with one or more analytes, said plurality of wells coupled to the common input port, each of said wells equidistant to the input port, said wells positioned to have a star configuration:
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.

A system comprising:

• a housing;
• a controllable electronic driver;
• a cartridge;
• a plurality of penetrating members;
• a plurality of analyte detecting members;
• a memory for storing at least one of the following:
• number of penetrating members used, number of target tissue penetrating events, time and date of the last selected number of target tissue penetrating events, time interval between alarm and target tissue penetrating event, stratum corneum thickness, time of day, energy consumed by a penetrating member driver to drive a penetrating member into the target tissue, depth of penetrating member penetration, velocity of the penetrating member, desired velocity profile, velocity of the penetrating member into the target tissue, velocity of the penetrating member out of the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member in the target tissue, a target tissue relaxation parameter, force delivered on the target tissue, dwell time of the penetrating member, battery status, system status, consumed energy, speed profile of the penetrating member as the penetrating penetrates and advances through the target tissue, a tissue target tissue relaxation parameter, information relative to contact of a penetrating member with target tissue before penetration by the penetrating member, information relative to a change of speed of a penetrating member as in travels in the target tissue, type of electrochemical analyte detecting member used, the kind of test the analyte detecting member will be measuring, information relative to consumed sensors and/or information relative to consumed penetrating members;
• a processor in communication with the plurality of detecting members, the processor configured to provide for compensation of fixed pattern noise in the at least one of the plurality of detectors and reduce frame rates, with different fixed pattern noise to detect signals from different ones of the analyte detecting members;
• the cartridge housing the plurality of penetrating members and analyte detecting members;
• and
• a cartridge advancement device coupled to the cartridge in the housing and in operation configured to move the cartridge through an angle equal to an angular spacing from a centerline of one of the penetrating members to a centerline of an adjacent penetrating member.