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US 8,573,252 B2Granted
Shape optimized headers and methods of manufacture thereof
AssigneeALSTOM Technology Ltd
InventorIan James Perrin
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Disclosed herein is a shape optimized header comprising a shell that is operative for collecting a fluid; wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell; and tubes; wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell. Disclosed herein is a method comprising fixedly attaching tubes to a shell; wherein the shell is operative for collecting a fluid; wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell; and wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell.
Claims18
A shape optimized header comprising:
- a shell that is operative for collecting a fluid;
- wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell;
- and
- tubes;
- wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell;
- wherein a change in the internal diameter or a change in the wall thickness of the shell is proportional to a change in local pressure experienced in the shell and determined by the equation (1a):
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- p
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- p
- 1
- ,
- (
- 1
-
- a
- )
- where Δd2 is the change in the internal diameter of a second section of the shell, Δd1 is the change in the internal diameter of a first section of the shell, Δtt is the change in the wall thickness of a second section of the shell, Δt1 is the change in the wall thickness of a first section of the shell, where Δp2 is the change in pressure experienced in the second section of the shell and Δp1 is the change in pressure encountered in the first section of the shell.
42 more elements
A shape optimized header comprising:
- a shell that is operative for collecting a fluid;
- wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell;
- and
- tubes;
- wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell;
- wherein a change in the internal diameter or a change in the wall thickness of the shell is proportional to a change in fluid flow rate experienced in the shell and determined by the equation (2a):
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- f
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- f
- 1
- ,
- (
- 2
-
- a
- )
- where Δd2 is the change in the internal diameter of a second section of the shell, Δd1 is the change in the internal diameter of a first section of the shell, Δt2 is the change in the wall thickness of a second section of the shell, Δt1 is the wall thickness of a first section of the shell, where Δf2 is the change in the fluid flow rate experienced in the second section of the shell and Δf1 is the change in the fluid flow rate encountered in the first section of the shell.
42 more elements
A shape optimized header comprising:
- a shell that is operative for collecting a fluid;
- wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell;
- and
- tubes;
- wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell;
- wherein a change in the internal diameter or a change in the wall thickness of the shell is proportional to a change in the stress experienced in the shell and determined by the equation (5):
- σ
- 1
- σ
- 2
- =
- p
- 1
- *
- d
- 1
- *
- t
- 2
- p
- 2
- *
- d
- 2
- *
- t
- 1
- ,
- (
- 5
- )
- where d2 is an internal diameter of a second section of the shell, d1 is an internal diameter of a first section of the shell, t2 is the wall thickness of a second section of the shell, t1 is the wall thickness of a first section of the shell, where p2 is the pressure experienced in the second section of the shell and p1 is pressure encountered in the first section of the shell and where σ2 and σ1 are the stresses encountered in the second section of the shell and in the first section of the shell respectively.
29 more elements
A method comprising:
- discharging a fluid from a shape optimized header comprising:
- a shell that is operative for collectin a fluid;
- wherein an internal diameter and/or a wall thickness of the shell vary with a change in pressure and/or a change in a fluid flow rate in the shell;
- tubes;
- wherein the tubes are in communication with the shell and are operative to transfer fluid into the shell;
- wherein a change in the internal diameter or a change in the wall thickness of the shell is proportional to a change in local pressure experienced in the shell and determined by the equation (1a):
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- d
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- t
- 1
- =
- Δ
-
-
- p
- 2
- Δ
-
-
- p
- 1
- ,
- (
- 1
-
- a
- )
- where Δd2 is the change in the internal diameter of a second section of the shell, Δd1 is the change in the internal diameter of a first section of the shell, Δt2 is the change in the wall thickness of a second section of the shell, Δt1 is the change in the wall thickness of a first section of the shell, where Δp2 is the change in pressure experienced in the second section of the shell and Δp1 is the change in pressure encountered in the first section of the shell.
42 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.