# US 8,570,229 B2 · Multiple antenna high isolation apparatus and application thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,570,229 B2 - Document ID: US8570229B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/772,129 - Filed: 2010-04-30 - Published: 2010-09-02 - Granted: 2013-10-29 - Earliest claimed: 2009-01-15 - Assignees: Broadcom Corporation - Applicants: Seunghwan Yoon; Nicolaos G. Alexopoulos - Inventors: Seunghwan Yoon; Nicolaos G. Alexopoulos - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8570229B2 ## CPC - H01Q 1/38: formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support {(patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142)} - H01Q 1/243: {with built-in antennas} - H01Q 1/362: {for broadside radiating helical antennas} - H01Q 1/525: {between emitting and receiving antennas} - H01Q 9/285: {Planar dipole (H01Q9/065 takes precedence; patch antenna H01Q9/0407)} - H01Q 9/40: Element having extended radiating surface - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) ## Abstract A multiple antenna apparatus includes a substrate, a first antenna structure, and a second antenna structure. The first antenna structure includes a first metal trace that has a first pattern confined in a first geometric shape and has a near-zero electric field plane. The second antenna structure includes a second metal trace that has a first pattern confined to a second geometric shape. The second antenna structure is positioned on the substrate in substantial alignment with the near-zero electric field plane of the first antenna structure. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multiple antenna apparatus comprises: a substrate; a first antenna structure including a first metal trace that has a first pattern confined in a first geometric shape, where the first antenna structure has a near-zero electric field plane, and wherein the substrate supports the first antenna structure; a second antenna structure including a second metal trace that has a first pattern confined to a second geometric shape, wherein the second antenna structure is positioned on the substrate in substantial alignment with the near-zero electric field plane of the first antenna structure; and the first metal trace including: a first segment on a first layer of the substrate, wherein the first segment has a first segment geometric shape; and a second segment on a second layer of the substrate, wherein the second segment is coupled to the first segment, wherein the second segment has a second segment geometric shape, and wherein the first geometric shape includes the first and second segment geometric shapes; and the second metal trace including: a third segment on the first layer of the substrate, wherein the third segment has a third segment geometric shape; and a fourth segment on the second layer of the substrate, wherein the fourth segment is coupled to the third segment, wherein the fourth segment has a fourth segment geometric shape, and wherein the second geometric shape includes the third and fourth segment geometric shapes. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the first patterns of the first and second metal traces comprises a geometric shape of a recursive fractal curve pattern, wherein the recursive fractal curve pattern includes at least one of: an nth order, where n is equal to or greater than 1; a yth order, where y is equal to or greater than 1; a first line width; a second line width; a first shaping factor; and a second shaping factor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 1 further comprises the first geometric shape substantially equals the second geometric shape, wherein the first geometric shape is of a first size and the second geometric shape is of a second size. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 1 further comprises at least one of: the first antenna structure including a dipole antenna and the second antenna structure including a monopole antenna; and the first antenna structuring including multiple antennas and the second antenna structure including at least one antenna. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 4, wherein the dipole antenna further comprises a bow tie shape. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 4 further comprises: the dipole antenna on a first layer of the substrate; and the monopole antenna on a second layer of the substrate. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 1 further comprises: a ground plane electromagnetically coupled to at least one of the first and second antenna structures. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 1 further comprises each of the first and second antenna structures having a length tuned to at least one of a first frequency band and a second frequency band. ### Claim 9 A multiple antenna apparatus comprises: a substrate; a dipole antenna that has a near-zero electric field plane, wherein the substrate supports the dipole antenna; and a monopole antenna positioned on the substrate in substantial alignment with the near-zero electric field plane of the dipole antenna; and a first and second trace of the dipole antenna including: a first segment on a first layer of the substrate, wherein the first segment has a first segment geometric shape; and a second segment on a second layer of the substrate, wherein the second segment is coupled to the first segment, wherein the second segment has a second segment geometric shape, and wherein the first geometric shape includes the first and second segment geometric shapes; and a trace of the monopole antenna including: a third segment on the first layer of the substrate, wherein the third segment has a third segment geometric shape; and a fourth segment on the second layer of the substrate, wherein the fourth segment is coupled to the third segment, wherein the fourth segment has a fourth segment geometric shape, and wherein the second geometric shape includes the third and fourth segment geometric shapes. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 9 further comprises: the first trace of the dipole antenna having the first geometric shape; the second trace of the dipole antenna having the first geometric shape; the trace of the monopole antenna having the second geometric shape, wherein each of the first and second geometric shapes includes a recursive fractal curve pattern, wherein the recursive fractal curve pattern includes at least one of: an nth order, where n is equal to or greater than 1; a yth order, where y is equal to or greater than 1; a first line width; a second line width; a first shaping factor; and a second shaping factor. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 9, wherein the dipole antenna further comprises a bow tie shape. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 9 further comprises: the dipole antenna on a first layer of the substrate; and the monopole antenna on a second layer of the substrate. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The multiple antenna apparatus of claim 9 further comprises: a ground plane electromagnetically coupled to at least one of the dipole antenna and the monopole antenna. ### Claim 14 A wireless front-end comprises: a first amplifier; a second amplifier; a transformer balun operably coupled to the first amplifier; and a multiple antenna apparatus that includes: a substrate; a dipole antenna operably coupled to the transformer balun, wherein the dipole antenna has a near-zero electric field plane, and wherein the substrate supports the dipole antenna; and a monopole antenna operably coupled to the second amplifier, wherein the monopole antenna is positioned on the substrate in substantial alignment with the near-zero electric field plane of the dipole antenna; and the dipole antenna comprising at least a first and second trace including: a first segment on a first layer of the substrate, wherein the first segment has a first segment geometric shape; and a second segment on a second layer of the substrate, wherein the second segment is coupled to the first segment, wherein the second segment has a second segment geometric shape, and wherein the first geometric shape includes the first and second segment geometric shapes; and the monopole antenna comprising at least a first trace including: a third segment on the first layer of the substrate, wherein the third segment has a third segment geometric shape; and a fourth segment on the second layer of the substrate, wherein the fourth segment is coupled to the third segment, wherein the fourth segment has a fourth segment geometric shape, and wherein the second geometric shape includes the third and fourth segment geometric shapes. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14, wherein the multiple antenna apparatus further comprises: the first trace of the dipole antenna having the first geometric shape; the second trace of the dipole antenna having the first geometric shape; the trace of the monopole antenna having the second geometric shape, wherein each of the first and second geometric shapes includes a recursive fractal curve pattern, wherein the recursive fractal curve pattern includes at least one of: an nth order, where n is equal to or greater than 1; a yth order, where y is equal to or greater than 1; a first line width; a second line width; a first shaping factor; and a second shaping factor. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14, wherein the dipole antenna further comprises a bow tie shape. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14 further comprises: the dipole antenna on a first layer of the substrate; and the monopole antenna on a second layer of the substrate. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14, wherein the multiple antenna apparatus further comprises: a ground plane electromagnetically coupled to at least one of the dipole antenna and the monopole antenna. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14 further comprises: the first amplifier including a power amplifier of a transmitter; and the second amplifying including a low noise amplifier of a receiver. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14 further comprises: the first amplifier amplifying a first transmission signal of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) signal or a single input multiple output (SIMO) signal; and the second amplifier amplifying a second transmission signal of the MIMO or SIMO signal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 14) The wireless front-end of claim 14 further comprises: the first amplifier amplifying a first reception signal of a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) signal or multiple input single output (MISO) signal; and the second amplifier amplifying a second reception signal of the MIMO of MISO signal.