# US 8,570,207 B1 · Method, technique, and system for detecting Brillouin precursors at microwave frequencies for enhanced performance in various applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,570,207 B1 - Document ID: US8570207B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 13/156,998 - Filed: 2011-06-09 - Granted: 2013-10-29 - Earliest claimed: 2010-06-09 - Assignees: Arrowhead Center, Inc. - Applicants: Muhammad Dawood; Habeeb Ur Rahman Mohammed; Ana Vazquez Alejos - Inventors: Muhammad Dawood; Habeeb Ur Rahman Mohammed; Ana Vazquez Alejos - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8570207B1 ## CPC - G01S 7/282: Transmitters - G01S 13/885: {for ground probing (prospecting or detecting using electromagnetic waves G01V3/12)} - G01S 13/89: for mapping or imaging - G01S 13/0209: {Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband} - G01S 13/888: {through wall detection} - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES ## Abstract A method, system, and software for using Brillouin precursors to enhance UWB, RF, and Microwave Remote Sensing systems by providing greater penetration depths and or resolution. Embodiments also include methods, software, and systems which provide a method to detect the formation of Brillouin precursor waveforms in any given dispersive media, for any transmitted signal and any frequency range. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for improving electromagnetic propagation through a dispersive medium, the method comprising: predicting and detecting the formation and power decay of one or more Brillouin precursors in the frequency domain for an electromagnetic radiated signal passing through the dispersive medium; transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radiation through the dispersive medium; and making changes to either the transmitted electromagnetic radiation or to signal processing for the received electromagnetic radiation based on the one or more detected Brillouin precursors. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the changes are made to the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein making changes comprises adaptively making changes to either the transmitted electromagnetic radiation or to signal processing for the received electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the changes are made to the signal processing for the received electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the transmitted electromagnetic radiation comprises a radio frequency signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the transmitted electromagnetic radiation comprises a microwave frequency signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the transmitted electromagnetic radiation comprises any modulated electromagnetic waveform within a frequency range from about 100 MHz to about 5 GHz. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein predicting and detecting the one or more precursors comprises a frequency spectrum in the radio frequency region. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein predicting and detecting the one or more precursors comprises a frequency spectrum in the microwave region. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radiation comprises transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radiation to and from a target imbedded within the dispersive medium. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 further comprising improving image formation of the target using results of the predicted and detected formation and power decay of the one or more Brillouin precursors. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising making adjustments to better receive the one or more predicted Brillouin precursors. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12 wherein making adjustments comprises adjusting the signal processing for the received electromagnetic radiation to better accommodate frequency down-shifted Brillouin precursors. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the predicting and detecting comprises performing sequential analysis for a plurality of input waveforms. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14 wherein the analysis comprises an element selected from the group consisting of electromagnetic waveform design, frequency domain analysis, time domain transient analysis, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14 wherein the analysis is performed in the order of electromagnetic waveform design, frequency domain analysis, and transient analysis in the time domain. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein transmitting comprises employing results from predicting and detecting to construct a shape of the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein transmitting comprises employing results from predicting and detecting to construct an attribute of the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein transmitting electromagnetic radiation comprises transmitting a plurality of modulated electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19 wherein transmitting electromagnetic radiation comprises transmitting sine-modulated electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the dispersive medium comprises a plurality of dispersive mediums. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 further comprising providing signal processing which provides a propagation factor such that the received electromagnetic radiation has a characteristic which is consistent with the transmitted radiation having only traveled through a substance featured by the propagation factor. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The method of claim 22 wherein the signal processing provides an output consistent with the detection of a formation of the one or more Brillouin precursors for the received electromagnetic radiation having only traveled through the substance featured by the propagation factor based. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The method of claim 22 further comprising encoding the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 25 (depends on 22) The method of claim 22 wherein encoding the transmitted electromagnetic radiation is performed by a plurality of encoding schemes such that the received signal is affected less by the dispersive material. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein electromagnetic radiation is the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 27 A method for improving the electromagnetic spectrum remote sensing of a target comprising: predicting and detecting the formation and power decay of one or more Brillouin precursors for electromagnetic radiation passing through at least one dispersive media; determining the dielectric properties of at least one dispersive media between a transmitter and the target; transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radiation to and from the target through at least one dispersive medium; and improving image formation of the target using the results of the predicting, determining, and receiving by adjusting either the transmitted electromagnetic radiation or signal processing for the received electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27 wherein improving image formation comprises increasing an amplitude level of the received electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 29 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27 wherein improving image formation comprises reducing an amplitude of received noise. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27 wherein predicting and detecting comprises performing sequential analysis for a plurality of input waveforms. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The method of claim 30 wherein the analysis is selected from the group consisting of electromagnetic waveform design, frequency domain analysis, time domain transient analysis, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 32 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27 wherein detecting the formation of one or more Brillouin precursors comprises performing a frequency domain analysis of the received electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 33 A method and technique for detecting Brillouin precursors in radio-frequency and microwave frequency domain for improving electromagnetic propagation through a given dispersive medium, the method comprising: selecting electromagnetic frequencies for transmission through the given dispersive medium such that Brillouin precursors can be realized at the reception; making changes to an amplitude, phase, and shape of the electromagnetic frequencies for realization of the Brillouin precursors; modifying system configuration to receive frequency-downshifted electromagnetic signals such that the precursors can be detected; and performing signal processing on the received electromagnetic signal such that the Brillouin precursors can be realized. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein the shape and frequency content of transmit waveforms are optimized and tailored to optimize the precursor formation. ### Claim 35 (depends on 34) The method of claim 34 wherein a suitable and appropriate band of electromagnetic frequencies for transmission are selected to enable the Brillouin precursor formation on reception. ### Claim 36 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising coding the transmitted electromagnetic radiation. ### Claim 37 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein selecting frequencies for transmission comprises adaptively selecting distinct frequencies for transmission based on an element selected from a list consisting of a response received from the given dispersive medium, prior knowledge about the given dispersive medium, and a combination thereof. ### Claim 38 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 wherein modifying the receiving system configuration comprises optimizing it for the reception of the frequency-downshifted electromagnetic signals. ### Claim 39 (depends on 33) The method of claim 33 further comprising applying signal processing techniques that establish an underlying propagation factor representing characteristics of the given dispersive medium and performing further signal processing to obtain the Brillouin precursors.