# US 8,569,202 B2 · Steam reforming methods and catalysts

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- Number: US 8,569,202 B2
- Document ID: US8569202B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/633,058
- Filed: 2012-10-01
- Published: 2013-01-24
- Granted: 2013-10-29
- Earliest claimed: 2003-06-25
- Assignees: Velocys, Inc.
- Applicants: Junko M. Watson; Francis P. Daly; Yong Wang; Steven T. Perry; Anna Lee Tonkovich; Sean P. Fitzgerald; Laura J. Silva; Rachid Taha; Enrique Aceves de Alba; Ya-Huei Chen; Robert Rozmiarek; XiaoHong Li
- Inventors: Junko M. Watson; Francis P. Daly; Yong Wang; Steven T. Perry; Anna Lee Tonkovich; Sean P. Fitzgerald; Laura J. Silva; Rachid Taha; Enrique Aceves de Alba; Ya-Huei Chen; Robert Rozmiarek; XiaoHong Li
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8569202B2

## CPC

- B01J 19/0093: {Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors (laboratory containers with capillary fluid transport in microfabricated channels or chambers B01L3/5027)}
- B01J 21/005: {Spinels}
- B01J 23/464: {Rhodium}
- B01J 23/58: with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
- B01J 37/0215: {Coating}
- B01J 37/0219: {the coating containing organic compounds}
- B01J 37/0225: {of metal substrates}
- C01B 3/40: characterised by the catalyst
- H01M 8/0618: {Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming}
- B01J 2219/00783: Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
- B01J 2219/00822: Metal
- B01J 2219/00824: Ceramic
- B01J 2219/00835: Comprising catalytically active material
- B01J 2219/0086: Dimensions of the flow channels
- B01J 2219/00862: Dimensions of the reaction cavity itself
- B01J 2219/00873: Heat exchange
- C01B 2203/00: Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B 2203/0233: the reforming step being a steam reforming step
- C01B 2203/0283: containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
- C01B 2203/04: containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B 2203/065: using hydrotreating, e.g. hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurisation
- C01B 2203/066: with fuel cells
- C01B 2203/0833: Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
- C01B 2203/1011: Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
- C01B 2203/1041: Composition of the catalyst
- C01B 2203/1052: Nickel or cobalt catalysts
- C01B 2203/1064: Platinum group metal catalysts
- C01B 2203/1082: Composition of support materials
- C01B 2203/1241: Natural gas or methane
- C01B 2203/1288: Evaporation of one or more of the different feed components
- C01B 2203/1619: Measuring the temperature
- H01M 8/0631: {Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell (hydrogen C01B3/00; reactors for physicochemical processes B01J19/00)}
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- Y02P 20/52: using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

The present invention provides catalysts, reactors, and methods of steam reforming over a catalyst. Surprisingly superior results and properties obtained in methods and catalysts of the present invention are also described. For example, a coated catalyst was demonstrated to be highly stable under steam reforming conditions (high temperature and high pressure of steam). Methods of making steam reforming catalysts are also described.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A composition comprising: Mg and Al containing spinel material; and having a hydrothermal stability such that the composition maintains a surface area of at least 10 m2/g after treatment at 925° C. and 15 atm H2O, for 100 hours.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 having a hydrothermal stability such that the composition maintains a surface area of at least 15 m2/g after treatment at 925° C. and 15 atm H2O, for 100 hours.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 having a hydrothermal stability such that the composition has a surface area of at least 10 to about 20 m2/g after treatment at 925° C. and 15 atm H2O, for 100 hours.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 further comprising Rh.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1 consisting essentially of: Mg and Al containing spinel material and optionally a catalytically active material.

### Claim 6

A steam reforming catalyst, comprising: a Mg and Al containing spinel support; and Rh supported on the surface of the support; and the catalyst having a stability and reactivity such that, when tested in a flowing stream of methane and water in a water:methane ratio of 3 at 15 atm, a catalyst temperature of 880° C., and a contact time of 5 ms or less that is adjusted to obtain a methane conversion (after 100 hours TOS) of 70%, and maintaining the same conditions for 1000 hours, there is a continuous period of at least 400 hours in which the methane conversion changes by 3% or less.