# US 8,569,196 B2 · Process for the continuous production of a catalyst > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,569,196 B2 - Document ID: US8569196B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/061,040 - Filed: 2009-08-19 - Published: 2011-07-21 - Granted: 2013-10-29 - Earliest claimed: 2008-08-26 - Assignees: BASF SE - Applicants: Ekkehard Schwab; Stefan Kotrel; Alexander Panchenko; Sigmar Braeuninger; Sandra Magnus; Claudia Querner - Inventors: Ekkehard Schwab; Stefan Kotrel; Alexander Panchenko; Sigmar Braeuninger; Sandra Magnus; Claudia Querner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8569196B2 ## CPC - H01M 4/92: Metals of platinum group (H01M4/94 {, H01M4/9058} take precedence) - B01J 6/002: {using rotating drums} - B01J 21/18: Carbon - B01J 23/40: of the platinum group metals - B01J 23/42: Platinum - B01J 23/56: Platinum group metals - B01J 23/892: {Nickel and noble metals} - B01J 37/0203: {the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds} - B01J 37/0242: {Coating followed by impregnation} - B01J 37/08: Heat treatment {(B01J37/0009, B01J37/0018 take precedence)} - B01J 37/086: {Decomposition of an organometallic compound, a metal complex or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid} - B01J 37/18: with gases containing free hydrogen - H01M 4/921: {Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements} - H01M 4/926: {on carbon or graphite} - B01J 23/44: Palladium - B01J 23/462: {Ruthenium} - B01J 23/8913: {Cobalt and noble metals} - Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of a catalyst comprising an alloy of a metal of the platinum group and at least a second metal as alloying metal selected from among the metals of the platinum group and the transition metals, in which a catalyst comprising the metal of the platinum group is mixed with at least one complex each comprising the alloying metal to give an alloy precursor and the alloy precursor is heated in a continuously operated furnace to produce the alloy. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A process for continuous production of a catalyst comprising an alloy of a metal of the platinum group and at least one second metal as alloying metal selected from the group consisting of a metal of the platinum group and a transition metal, the process comprising: (a) mixing a catalyst precursor comprising a metal of the platinum group with at least one thermally decomposable compound each comprising the alloying metal to give an alloy precursor; and (b) heating the alloy precursor in a continuously operated furnace for from 45 minutes to 5 hours to produce the alloy comprised in the catalyst, wherein the heating is carried out in a first and a second temperature stage, with a temperature of the first temperature stage being lower than a temperature of the second temperature stage, and the temperature of the first temperature stage is in a range from 350 to 480° C., and the temperature of the second temperature stage is in a range from 550 to 680° C. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the heating is carried out in a continuously operated furnace, which is a rotary tube furnace or a belt calciner. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The process of claim 2, wherein a residence time in the continuously operated furnace is in a range from 30 minutes to 10 hours. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the heating in (b) is carried out under a reducing atmosphere. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The process of claim 4, wherein the reducing atmosphere comprises hydrogen. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The process of claim 4, wherein a proportion of hydrogen in the reducing atmosphere is less than 30% by volume. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the second temperature stage is at least 100° C. higher than the temperature of the first temperature stage. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the catalyst precursor comprising the metal of the platinum group is present as metallic powder, or further comprises a support. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The process of claim 8, wherein the support is present and is a carbon support. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the catalyst precursor comprising the metal of the platinum group has a residual moisture content of up to 50% by weight of water. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the metal of the platinum group is platinum. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the alloying metal is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, cobalt, nickel, and palladium. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one thermally decomposable compound is a metal-organic compound or a metal complex. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The process of claim 13, wherein the at least one metal-organic compound or the at least one metal complex comprising the at least one alloying metal is present as powder or as a solution in a solvent. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one alloying metal is present as a metal complex with an olefin, an aromatic, or 2,4-pentanedione as ligand, as a mixed cyclopentadienyl-carbonyl complex, or as a pure or mixed carbonyl, phosphane, cyano, or isocyano complex. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The process of claim 15, wherein the at least one metal-organic compound or the at least one metal complex comprising the at least one alloying metal is present as powder or as a solution in a solvent. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The process of claim 15, wherein the at least one alloying metal is present as a metal complex with dimethyl octadiene or pyridine. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one alloying metal is present as a metal complex with acetylacetonate or 2,4-pentanedione as ligand. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The process of claim 18, wherein the at least one metal-organic compound or the at least one metal complex comprising the at least one alloying metal is present as powder or as a solution in a solvent. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The process of claim 1, further comprising: passivating the catalyst comprising the alloy after the heating to form the alloy in (b).