Mannich detergents for hydrocarbon fuels
AssigneeAfton Chemical Corporation
InventorsDennis J. Malfer, May D. Thomas
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Abstract
New, highly effective substantially pure Mannich detergents for use in hydrocarbon fuels reduce engine deposits in spark and compression ignition internal combustion engines. The Mannich condensation reaction products are obtainable by reacting: (i) a polyamine having primary amino groups, (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted at in a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:2:3 or 1:1:2. The Mannich detergent compounds may be dispersed in a liquid carrier to provide a fuel additive concentrate for hydrocarbon engine fuels which effectively control engine deposit formation in intake valves, port fuel injectors and combustion chambers.
Claims49
A fuel additive composition, comprising
- (a) a substantially pure Mannich reaction product obtained by reacting (i) a polyamine having primary amino groups selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine, 1,3-diamino propane and a 1,2-diaminocycloaliphatic (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted using a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:1:2 to provide the substantially pure Mannich reaction product having a purity of at least about 80%;
- and
- (b) a liquid carrier.
A fuel additive composition, comprising
- (a) a Mannich reaction product obtained by reacting (i) a polyamine having primary amino groups that is capable of forming a substantially pure intermediate in the Mannich condensation reaction, said intermediate having a 5-member or 6-member nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety, (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted using a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:1:2 such that said polyamine (i) is reactable with said hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound (II) so as to obtain said substantially pure intermediate, said intermediate being reactable with said aldehyde (iii) to obtain said Mannich reaction product as a substantially pure product having a purity of at least about 80%;
- (b) a liquid carrier.
A Mannich detergent comprising the substantially pure Mannich reaction product of (i) at least one of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, ethylene diamine or 1,3-diaminopropane, (ii) polyisobutylene-substituted cresol and/or phenol wherein the polyisobutylene has an average molecular weight of about 300 to about 2,000, and (iii) formaldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted using a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:1:2, and wherein the substantially pure Mannich reaction product has a purity of at least about 80%.
A substantially pure Mannich reaction product obtained by reacting (i) a polyamine having primary amino groups that is capable of forming a substantially pure intermediate in the Mannich condensation reaction, said intermediate having a 5-member or 6-member nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety, (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted using a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:1:2 such that said polyamine (i) is reactable with said hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound (II) so as to obtain said substantially pure intermediate, said substantially pure intermediate being reactable with said aldehyde (iii) to obtain said substantially pure Mannich reaction product having a purity of at least about 80%.
A fuel composition for an internal combustion engine, comprising
- (a) in major amount, a spark-ignitable combustible hydrocarbon fuel;
- and
- (b) in minor amount, a fuel additive composition comprising a substantially pure Mannich reaction product obtained by reacting (i) a polyamine selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine, 1,3-diamino propane and 1,2-diamino cyclohexane, (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde;
- wherein the reaction is conducted using a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:1:2 to provide the substantially pure Mannich reaction product having a purity of at least about 80%, wherein the Mannich reaction product is present in an amount sufficient to reduce the weight amount of engine deposits in an internal combustion engine operated on the fuel composition.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.