Bone treatment systems and methods

A method for treating a bone, comprising:

• mixing two-components to form bone cement within a syringe body, the syringe body forming part of a source of bone cement;
• inserting at least a portion of an elongated bone cement injector percutaneously through a patient's skin into a cancellous bone portion of a bone;
• coupling a proximal end of the injector to an outlet of a handle body;
• coupling the source of bone cement to an inlet of the handle body;
• coupling a first side of a two-sided plunger with the syringe body;
• flowing bone cement from the source of bone cement through the handle body and through a bore in the injector into the cancellous bone by hydraulically advancing a second side of the two-sided plunger and thereby advancing the first side of the two-sided plunger within the syringe body;
• and
• applying energy to the bone cement as it flows through the handle body in an amount sufficient to accelerate a setting rate in the bone cement to increase the viscosity of the bone cement so as to reach a selected polymerization endpoint as the bone cement exits the injector and prior to introduction of the bone cement into bone.