# US 8,543,363 B2 · Method for predicting volume change of void generated in resin filled in porous body, and method for analyzing flow of resin material in porous body

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- Number: US 8,543,363 B2
- Document ID: US8543363B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/942,094
- Filed: 2010-11-09
- Published: 2011-05-12
- Granted: 2013-09-24
- Earliest claimed: 2009-11-11
- Assignees: Hitachi, Ltd.
- Applicants: Tsutomu Kono; Hiroki Nakatsuchi; Keiji Suzuki; Mitsuru Onoda; Kazuo Goto; Yasuaki Kageyama; Hiroaki Kojima; Kenji Ikeda; Hisashi Morooka
- Inventors: Tsutomu Kono; Hiroki Nakatsuchi; Keiji Suzuki; Mitsuru Onoda; Kazuo Goto; Yasuaki Kageyama; Hiroaki Kojima; Kenji Ikeda; Hisashi Morooka
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8543363B2

## CPC

- G06F 30/23: using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
- G06F 2111/10: Numerical modelling
- G06F 2113/22: Moulding
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)

## Abstract

The present method aims at preventing breakdown by selecting conditions for preventing the occurrence of voids via analysis. According to the present method, a database related to the time variation of amount of generated gas or number of moles when a solid member is heated is experimentally formulated in advance, and the amount of generated gas from the member and the specific heat ratio of gases are entered for analysis in order to predict via analysis the generation of voids within the resin material when the solid member is heated, to thereby select conditions for preventing voids.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for predicting volume change of void in a resin material or a resin material filled in a porous body arranged in contact with a solid member, the void being a space in the resin material formed by gas generated from the solid member during rising of temperature, the method comprising:
(a) taking in a configuration of the porous body in which the resin material is filled, a special configuration in which the resin material is filled in contact with the porous body, and data regarding the solid member in contact with a flow region of the resin from a storage device to a computing device, and performing a dissolving process for dissolving the same into three-dimensional solid elements based on the data;
(b) entering properties including at least a density, a thermal conductivity, a specific heat and a viscosity of the resin material, an aperture ratio of the porous body, across-sectional specific resistance of the porous body, a density, a specific heat and a thermal conductivity of the porous body, and boundary conditions comprising an initial temperature of the solid member and the resin material, and a temperature change of the solid member;
(c) entering a time variation of volume of a single gas or a total value of volume of a plurality of gases and a specific heat of the single or the plurality of gases generated from the solid member, the porous body or the resin material in response to the temperature change of the solid member, the porous body or the resin material;
(d) computing an equation of continuity, a Navier-Stokes equation and an energy conservation equation based on the three-dimensional solid elements to thereby calculate the change of resin temperature, calculate the change of viscosity accompanying the change of temperature of the resin material, calculate a function including the cross-sectional specific resistance and the viscosity as a flow resistance factor of the porous body, and enter to the Navier-Stokes equation a product of the flow resistance factor of the porous body and the flow rate and density of the resin as an external force per unit volume of the porous body via fluid resistance;
(e) entering a void volume change by the gas generated from the solid member, the porous body or the resin material, an initial void dimension and an initial time increment regarding an analysis of a flow process of the resin, and calculating the equation of continuity, the Navier-Stokes equation and the energy conservation equation based on the three-dimensional solid elements to thereby compute contents including the change of volume of the void by the generation of gas and the inner pressure of the void;
(f) in the initial time increment of resin flow analysis (first step),
computing a gas volume dV1 generated during the initial time increment based on the entered time variation of the gas volume generated from the solid member, wherein t0 represents initial time, Δt1=t1−t0 represents time increment, an initial void is set to have a pressure P0 and a volume V0 at initial time t0, and γ represents specific heat ratio of the generated gas, and
regarding the initial time increment, calculating a void pressure P1 and a void volume V1 at t=t1 via fluid analysis using Poisson's equation (1) when P represents pressure, V represents volume, the resin temperature utilizes an average temperature T1 (constant) and the void temperature is assumed to be equal to the resin temperature;
P·V^γ=constant (1)
(g) in a subsequent time increment (second step),
entering a void pressure P1 and a void volume V1 at t=t1 based on the computation result of the first step when the time increment is Δt2=t2−t1,
calculating a gas volume dV2 generated in the time region based on the entered time variation of gas volume generated from the solid member, assuming that the void volume is V1 (constant) at t1 in time increment Δt2,
calculating a void pressure P2 and a void volume V2 via fluid analysis using said equation (1) assuming that the average temperature is T2 (constant) in time increment Δt2; and
(h) repeating the calculation having added the time increment until the time reaches a predetermined time and thereby calculating at least the change in void volume due to the generation of gas.

### Claim 2

A method for predicting volume change of void in a resin material or a resin material filled in a porous body arranged in contact with a solid member, the void being a space in the resin material formed by gas generated from the solid member during rising of temperature, the method comprising:
(a) taking in a configuration of the porous body in which the resin material is filled, a special configuration in which the resin material is filled in contact with the porous body, and data regarding the solid member in contact with a flow region of the resin from a storage device to a computing device, and performing a dissolving process for dissolving the same into three-dimensional solid elements based on the data;
(b) entering properties including at least a density, a thermal conductivity, a specific heat and a viscosity of the resin material, an aperture ratio of the porous body, across-sectional specific resistance of the porous body, a density, a specific heat and a thermal conductivity of the porous body, and boundary conditions comprising an initial temperature of the solid member and the resin material, and a temperature change of the solid member;
(c) entering a time variation of volume of a single gas or a total value of volume of a plurality of gases and a specific heat of the single or the plurality of gases generated from the solid member, the porous body or the resin material in response to the temperature change of the solid member, the porous body or the resin material;
(d) computing an equation of continuity, a Navier-Stokes equation and an energy conservation equation based on the three-dimensional solid elements to thereby calculate the change of resin temperature, calculate the change of viscosity accompanying the change of temperature of the resin material, calculate a function including the cross-sectional specific resistance and the viscosity as a flow resistance factor of the porous body, and enter to the Navier-Stokes equation a product of the flow resistance factor of the porous body and the flow rate and density of the resin as an external force per unit volume of the porous body via fluid resistance;
(e) entering a change in number of moles of the gas generated from the solid member, the porous body or the resin material, an initial void dimension, an initial time increment regarding an analysis of a flow process of the resin, and calculating the equation of continuity, the Navier-Stokes equation and the energy conservation equation based on the three-dimensional solid elements to thereby compute the flow of the resin material and the void by the generation of gas;
(f) in the initial time increment of resin flow analysis (first step),
computing an initial number of gas moles n0 based on state equation (2) when t0 represents initial time, Δt1=t1−t0 represents time increment, an initial void is set having a pressure P0, a volume V0 and a temperature T0 at initial time t0, and wherein R represents gas constant and n represents number of gas moles;
PV=nRT (2)
calculating the initial number of gas moles n0 using equation (2), wherein γ represents specific heat ratio of the generated gas,
calculating a number of gas moles n1 based on the entered time variation of the number of gas moles generated from the solid member during initial time increment t=t0 to t1,
calculating a void inner pressure P1 using equation (2) varied via rising of temperature and increased number of moles when void volume is not varied from V0 at t=t0 to t1, when assuming that the resin temperature has an average temperature T1 (constant) and the void temperature is equal to the resin temperature during the initial time increment,
calculating via fluid analysis the void pressure and void volume P1′ and V1 at t=t1 using said equation (1) using the average temperature T1 (constant) at t=t0 to t1;
(g) in a subsequent time increment (second step),
calculating a number of moles n2 generated during the time region based on the entered time change of the number of moles of the gas generated from the solid member when the time increment is Δt2=t2−t1, wherein based on step 1, the pressure at t=t1 is P1′, the volume is V1, and at t=t1 to t2, the void volume is V1 (constant) from t1,
calculating based on equation (2) a void inner pressure P2 at t=t1 to t2 varied by the rising of temperature and the increase of number of gas moles when the void volume is not varied from V1 and using an average temperature T2 (constant),
computing a void pressure and a void volume P2′ and V2 via fluid analysis at t=t2 using the equation (1) during t=t1 to t2; and
(h) repeating the calculation having added the time increment until the time reaches a predetermined time and thereby calculating the change in void volume at least due to the generation of gas.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1, 2)

The method for predicting volume change of void according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein
when the solid member in contact with the flow region of the resin is heated and a plurality of gases are generated, wherein a specific heat ratio of n types of gases generated from the solid member within time range tn1 through tn2 during the temperature rising process is γ11, γ12, γ1n and the volume of the n types of gases generated from the solid member is V11, V12, . . . , V1n, a specific heat ratio γ1a of the overall gases generated from the solid member during the time range tn1 through tn2 is represented by equation (6);
γa=γ11×(V11/(V11+V12+ . . . +V1n))+γ12×(V12/(V11+V12+ . . . +V1n)) . . . +γ1n×(V1n/(V11+V12+ . . . +V1n)) (6)
entering the time variation of the specific heat ratio of the overall gases generated from the solid member calculated in equation (6), and
calculating at least the change of void volume using the entered specific heat ratio of the overall gases during a calculating time step.