# US 8,543,271 B2 · Power supply system for electrically powered vehicle, and method for controlling the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,543,271 B2 - Document ID: US8543271B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/996,750 - Filed: 2008-10-31 - Published: 2011-04-14 - Granted: 2013-09-24 - Earliest claimed: 2008-10-31 - Assignees: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha - Applicants: Masaya Yamamoto; Norihiko Kato; Haruki Sato - Inventors: Masaya Yamamoto; Norihiko Kato; Haruki Sato - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8543271B2 ## CPC - B60W 20/00: Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles {(hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L)} - B60K 6/28: characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors - B60K 6/445: Differential gearing distribution type - B60L 3/0046: {relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors} - B60L 7/14: for vehicles propelled by AC motors - B60L 15/20: for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed - B60L 50/16: with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion - B60L 50/61: by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles - B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer - B60L 53/20: characterised by converters located in the vehicle - B60L 58/13: Maintaining the SoC within a determined range - B60L 58/14: Preventing excessive discharging - B60L 58/15: Preventing overcharging - B60L 58/20: having different nominal voltages - B60L 58/21: having the same nominal voltage - B60W 10/08: including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators - B60W 10/26: for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors - H02P 27/08: with pulse width modulation - B60L 2210/12: Buck converters - B60L 2210/14: Boost converters - B60L 2210/30: AC to DC converters - B60L 2210/40: DC to AC converters - B60L 2220/14: Synchronous machines - B60L 2240/12: Speed - B60L 2240/423: Torque - B60L 2240/547: Voltage - B60L 2270/20: Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery - B60Y 2400/114: Super-capacities - H02P 2201/07: DC-DC step-up or step-down converter inserted between the power supply and the inverter supplying the motor, e.g. to control voltage source fluctuations, to vary the motor speed - Y02T 10/62: Hybrid vehicles - Y02T 10/64: Electric machine technologies in electromobility - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors - Y02T 10/72: Electric energy management in electromobility - Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations - Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles - B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT - B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A power supply system includes a main power storage device and a plurality of sub power storage devices. A converter is connected to selected one of the sub power storage devices to convert voltage between the selected sub power storage device and an electric power feeding line bidirectionally. When a request for switching the selected sub power storage device in use is generated, upper limits on electric power input/output to/from the selected sub power storage device are continuously varied. Thus, discontinuous variation of electric power input/output to/from the power supply system during the process for switching the selected sub power storage device can be avoided. Consequently, sudden change in a behavior of an electrically powered vehicle can be avoided. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle incorporating a motor for generating power to drive the vehicle, comprising: a main power storage device; an electric power feeding line configured to feed electric power to an inverter for driving and controlling said motor; a first voltage converter provided between said electric power feeding line and said main power storage device, and configured to convert voltage therebetween bidirectionally; a plurality of sub power storage devices provided in parallel to each other; a second voltage converter provided between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said electric power feeding line, and configured to convert voltage between one of said plurality of sub power storage devices and said electric power feeding line bidirectionally; a connection unit provided between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter, and configured to selectively connect a sub power storage device selected from said plurality of sub power storage devices to said second voltage converter; and a switching control device for controlling selective connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter, said switching control device including a switching determination unit configured to determine whether said selected sub power storage device should be switched based on a state of charge of each of said plurality of sub power storage devices, a first electric power limiter unit configured to continuously decrease upper limit values on electric power input and output to and from said selected sub power storage device to 0 when said switching determination unit determines that said selected sub power storage device should be switched, a switching control unit configured to switch connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter when said upper limit values on electric power input and output have reached 0, and a second electric power limiter unit configured to continuously increase said upper limit values on electric power input and output to values corresponding to a state of charge of a sub power storage device newly connected to said second voltage converter after said switching control unit switched connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said switching control device further includes a data correction unit configured to perform a correction process for correcting a value of a parameter associated with said selected sub power storage device during a period in which connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter is switched, and said data correction unit continuously varies said value of said parameter from a first value associated with a sub power storage device disconnected from said second voltage converter to a second value associated with said newly connected sub power storage device while said correction process is performed. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said electrically powered vehicle includes a traveling control unit configured to control said second voltage converter by using a value of an input voltage for said second voltage converter while said electrically powered vehicle is traveling, said parameter includes a voltage of said selected sub power storage device, said power supply system further comprises a capacitor for smoothing said input voltage for said second voltage converter and a voltage detection unit for detecting said input voltage, said switching control device further includes a discharge control unit configured to cause said capacitor to discharge prior to switching of said selected sub power storage device, and said data correction unit provides to said traveling control unit, a voltage value of said selected sub power storage device calculated in said correction process as a value of said input voltage, instead of a value detected by said voltage detection unit, after said discharge control unit caused said capacitor to discharge. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said switching control device further includes an upper limit value fixing unit configured to maintain said upper limit values on electric power input and output at 0 during a period in which connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter is switched. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said switching control device further includes a third electric power limiter unit configured to temporarily relax charging and discharging restriction on said main power storage device during a period from start of decrease in said upper limit values on electric power input and output by said first electric power limiter unit until completion of switching of connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter by said connection unit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The power supply system for an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said electrically powered vehicle further includes an internal combustion engine configured to be able to output power to drive the vehicle independently of said motor, and a traveling control unit configured to start said internal combustion engine when total required power of said electrically powered vehicle is greater than a sum of an upper limit value on electric power output from said main power storage device and an upper limit value on electric power output from said selected sub power storage device. ### Claim 7 A method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle incorporating a motor for generating power to drive the vehicle, said power supply system including a main power storage device, an electric power feeding line configured to feed electric power to an inverter for driving and controlling said motor, a first voltage converter provided between said electric power feeding line and said main power storage device, and configured to convert voltage therebetween bidirectionally, a plurality of sub power storage devices provided in parallel to each other, a second voltage converter provided between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said electric power feeding line, and configured to convert voltage between one of said plurality of sub power storage devices and said electric power feeding line bidirectionally, a connection unit provided between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter, and configured to selectively connect a sub power storage device selected from said plurality of sub power storage devices to said second voltage converter, and a switching control device for controlling selective connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter, said method comprising the steps of: determining, with the switching control device, whether said selected sub power storage device should be switched based on a state of charge of each of said plurality of sub power storage devices; continuously decreasing upper limit values on electric power input and output to and from said selected sub power storage device to 0 when it is determined in said determining step that said selected sub power storage device should be switched; switching connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter when said upper limit values on electric power input and output have reached 0 in said step of decreasing; and continuously increasing said upper limit values on electric power input and output to values corresponding to a state of charge of a sub power storage device newly connected to said second voltage converter after connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter is switched in said switching step. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 7, further comprising the step of performing a correction process for correcting a value of a parameter associated with said selected sub power storage device during a period in which connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter is switched, and as a result of said correction process, said value of said parameter is continuously varied from a first value associated with a sub power storage device disconnected from said second voltage converter to a second value associated with said newly connected sub power storage device. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 8, wherein said electrically powered vehicle includes a traveling control unit configured to control said second voltage converter by using a value of an input voltage for said second voltage converter while said electrically powered vehicle is traveling, said parameter includes a voltage of said selected sub power storage device, said power supply system further includes a capacitor for smoothing said input voltage for said second voltage converter and a voltage detection unit for detecting said input voltage, said method further comprises the step of causing said capacitor to discharge prior to switching of said selected sub power storage device, and in said step of performing a correction process, said traveling control unit is provided with a voltage value of said selected sub power storage device calculated in said correction process as a value of said input voltage, instead of a value detected by said voltage detection unit after said capacitor discharged in said step of causing said capacitor to discharge. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 7, further comprising the step of maintaining said upper limit values on electric power input and output at 0 during a period in which connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter is switched. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 7, further comprising the step of temporarily relaxing charging and discharging restriction on said main power storage device during a period from start of decrease in said upper limit values on electric power input and output in said decreasing step until completion of switching of connection between said plurality of sub power storage devices and said second voltage converter by said connection unit. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) The method for controlling a power supply system of an electrically powered vehicle according to claim 7, wherein said electrically powered vehicle further includes an internal combustion engine configured to be able to output power to drive the vehicle independently of said motor, and said internal combustion engine is started when total required power of said electrically powered vehicle is greater than a sum of an upper limit value on electric power output from said main power storage device and an upper limit value on electric power output from said selected sub power storage device.