# US 8,542,938 B2 · System and method for intra-frame compression using predictive coding > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,542,938 B2 - Document ID: US8542938B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/346,906 - Filed: 2008-12-31 - Published: 2010-07-01 - Granted: 2013-09-24 - Earliest claimed: 2008-12-31 - Assignees: Entropic Communications, Inc. - Applicants: Anurag Goel - Inventors: Anurag Goel - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8542938B2 ## CPC - H04N 19/48: using compressed domain processing techniques other than decoding, e.g. modification of transform coefficients, variable length coding [VLC] data or run-length data (motion estimation in a transform domain H04N19/547; processing of decoded motion vectors H04N19/513) - H04N 19/105: Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction - H04N 19/11: among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes - H04N 19/134: characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding - H04N 19/176: the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock - H04N 19/46: Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process (H04N19/517, H04N19/68, H04N19/70 take precedence) - H04N 19/593: involving spatial prediction techniques - H04N 19/61: in combination with predictive coding - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract A system and method for intra-frame compression using predictive coding utilizes some pixels of a macroblock of a video frame as reference pixels to perform predictive coding on the rest of the macroblock when some or all predefined reference pixels for performing predictive coding on the macroblock are not available in the video frame. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for intra-frame compression, the method comprising: determining whether a predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on a target group of pixels of a video frame is available in the video frame, the predefined reference group of pixels not being a part of the target group of pixels; and if at least some of the pixels of the predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on the target group of pixels of the video frame are not available in the video frame, selecting a set of pixels from the target group of pixels and performing predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels using a reconstructed version of the set of pixels as reference pixels to compress the video frame. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the target group of pixels is a rectangular block of pixels, the predefined reference group of pixels bordering the left edge and the top edge of the rectangular block of pixels. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in at least one prediction mode. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising performing predictive coding on the set of pixels using at least available pixels among the predefined reference group of pixels in at least one prediction mode. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the set of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the set of pixels using at least the available pixels among the predefined reference group of pixels in multiple prediction modes. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in a prediction mode that differs from the at least one prediction mode performed on the set of pixels. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in a prediction mode according to a data orientation of the rest of the target group of pixels. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels using at least the reconstructed version of the set of pixels and available pixels of the predefined reference group of pixels. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: placing a prediction mode of the rest of the target group of pixels in a bitstream, and placing a prediction mode of the set of pixels in the bitstream. ### Claim 10 A system for intra-frame compression, the system comprising: a determining unit configured to determine whether a predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on a target group of pixels of a video frame is available in the video frame, the predefined reference group of pixels not being a part of the target group of pixels; and a coding unit configured to select a set of pixels from the target group of pixels and to perform predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels using a reconstructed version of the set of pixels as reference pixels to compress the video frame if at least some of the pixels of the predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on the target group of pixels of the video frame are not available in the video frame. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the target group of pixels is a rectangular block of pixels, the predefined reference group of pixels bordering the left edge and the top edge of the rectangular block of pixels. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in at least one prediction mode. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform predictive coding on the set of pixels using at least available pixels among the predefined reference group of pixels in at least one prediction mode. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform the predictive coding on the set of pixels using at least the available pixels among the predefined reference group of pixels in multiple prediction modes. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in a prediction mode that is different from the at least one prediction mode performed on the set of pixels. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels in a prediction mode according to a data orientation of the rest of the target group of pixels. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the coding unit is configured to perform the predictive coding on the rest of the target group of pixels using at least the reconstructed version of the set of pixels and available pixels of the predefined reference group of pixels. ### Claim 18 A method for intra-frame compression, the method comprising: determining whether a predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on a rectangular macroblock of pixels of a video frame is available in the video frame, the predefined reference group of pixels not being a part of the rectangular macroblock, the predefined reference group of pixels including a horizontal subgroup of pixels bordering one edge of the rectangular macroblock and a vertical subgroup of pixels bordering another edge of the rectangular macroblock; and if at least one of the horizontal and vertical subgroups of pixels of the predefined reference group of pixels for performing predictive coding on the rectangular macroblock of the video frame are not available in the video frame, selecting a set of pixels from the rectangular macroblock and performing predictive coding on the rest of the rectangular macroblock using a reconstructed version of the set of pixels as reference pixels to compress the video frame. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, wherein the performing the predictive coding on the rest of the rectangular block of pixels includes performing the predictive coding on the rest of the rectangular block of pixels in at least one prediction mode. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising performing predictive coding on the set of pixels using at least available pixels among the predefined reference group of pixels in multiple prediction modes.