# US 8,542,784 B2 · Spur mitigation for radio frequency receivers utilizing a free-running crystal > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,542,784 B2 - Document ID: US8542784B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/166,507 - Filed: 2011-06-22 - Published: 2012-12-27 - Granted: 2013-09-24 - Earliest claimed: 2011-06-22 - Assignees: Broadcom Corporation - Applicants: Farzad Etemadi; Massoud Kahrizi - Inventors: Farzad Etemadi; Massoud Kahrizi - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8542784B2 ## CPC - H04L 27/0014: {Carrier regulation (of chaotic carriers H04L27/001; for multicarrier receivers H04L27/2657)} - H04L 2027/0016: {Stabilisation of local oscillators} - H04L 2027/0053: {Closed loops} - H04L 2027/0065: {Frequency error detectors (H04L2027/0067 takes precedence)} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Embodiments of a receiver for using a first oscillator signal provided by a crystal resonator to support multiple, different functionalities are provided. The receiver comprises a phase-locked loop (PLL) configured to provide a second oscillator signal based on the first oscillator signal provided by the crystal resonator; a first mixer configured to mix a received signal received over a first input path with the second oscillator signal received over a second input path to provide a first frequency-shifted signal; and an automatic frequency controller (AFC) configured to estimate a frequency offset of the second oscillator signal and adjust the PLL to compensate for the frequency offset. The receiver further can include solutions for mitigating potential sources of noise caused by the frequency of the first oscillator signal not being compensated for by the AFC. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A receiver for using a reference oscillator signal provided by a crystal resonator to support multiple, different functionalities, the receiver comprising: a phase-locked loop (PLL) configured to provide a local oscillator signal based on the reference oscillator signal provided by the crystal resonator; a first mixer configured to mix a received signal received over a first input path with the local oscillator signal received over a second input path to provide a first frequency-shifted signal; an automatic frequency controller (AFC) configured to estimate a frequency offset of the local oscillator signal and adjust the PLL to compensate for the frequency offset; and a leakage canceler configured to shift the first frequency-shifted signal in frequency by an amount determined based on the frequency offset to compensate for a harmonic of the reference oscillator signal that couples to the first input path and propagates through the first mixer to the first frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1, wherein the leakage canceler comprises: a second mixer configured to mix the first frequency-shifted signal with an additional oscillator signal to provide a second frequency-shifted signal, wherein a frequency of the additional oscillator signal is determined based on the frequency offset. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The receiver of claim 2, wherein the harmonic of the reference oscillator signal is present as a direct current (DC) component of the second frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The receiver of claim 2, wherein the leakage canceler further comprises: a direct current (DC) offset canceler configured to compensate for the DC component of the second frequency-shifted signal to provide a leakage compensated frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The receiver of claim 4, wherein the leakage canceler further comprises: a third mixer configured to mix the leakage compensated frequency-shifted signal with the additional oscillator signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The receiver of claim 2, wherein the leakage canceler further comprises: a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) configured to generate the additional oscillator signal based on the frequency offset. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The receiver of claim 6, wherein the DDS is configured to use at least one of a sine look-up table and a Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1, wherein the AFC is configured to estimate the frequency offset using the first frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1, wherein the reference oscillator signal provided by the crystal resonator is not locked to a carrier frequency in the received signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1, wherein the multiple, different functionalities comprise a cellular communication functionality, a Global Position System (GPS) functionality, and a wireless local area networking (WLAN) functionality. ### Claim 11 A method for using a reference oscillator signal provided by a crystal resonator to support multiple, different functionalities, the method comprising: providing a local oscillator signal, using a phase-locked loop (PLL), based on the reference oscillator signal provided by the crystal resonator; mixing a received signal received over a first input path with the local oscillator signal received over a second input path to provide a first frequency-shifted signal; estimating a frequency offset of the local oscillator signal; adjusting the PLL to compensate for the frequency offset; and shifting the first frequency-shifted signal in frequency by an amount determined based on the frequency offset to compensate for a harmonic of the reference oscillator signal that couples to the first input path and propagates through to the first frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein shifting the first frequency-shifted signal in frequency further comprises: mixing the first frequency-shifted signal with an additional oscillator signal to provide a second frequency-shifted signal, wherein a frequency of the additional oscillator signal is determined based on the frequency offset. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein the harmonic of the reference oscillator signal is present as a direct current (DC) component of the second frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, further comprising: compensating for the DC component of the second frequency-shifted signal to provide a leakage compensated frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, further comprising: mixing the leakage compensated frequency-shifted signal with the additional oscillator signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, further comprising: generating the additional oscillator signal based on the frequency offset. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the frequency offset is estimated using the first frequency-shifted signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the reference oscillator signal provided by the crystal resonator is not locked to a carrier frequency in the received signal. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the multiple, different functionalities comprise a cellular communication functionality, a Global Position System (GPS) functionality, and a wireless local area networking (WLAN) functionality. ### Claim 20 A receiver comprising: a phase-locked loop (PLL) configured to provide a local oscillator signal based on a reference oscillator signal; a mixer configured to mix a received signal received over a first input path with the local oscillator signal received over a second input path to provide a first frequency-shifted signal; an automatic frequency controller (AFC) configured to estimate a frequency offset of the local oscillator signal and adjust the PLL to compensate for the frequency offset; and a leakage canceler configured to shift the first frequency-shifted signal in frequency based on the frequency offset to provide a second frequency-shifted signal, and perform a DC offset cancellation technique on the second frequency-shifted signal to compensate for a harmonic of the reference oscillator signal that propagates through the mixer to the first frequency-shifted signal.