# US 8,541,065 B2 · Method for coating surfaces with microparticles and nanoparticles with the aid of plasma methods

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- Number: US 8,541,065 B2
- Document ID: US8541065B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/602,331
- Filed: 2008-05-31
- Published: 2011-06-30
- Granted: 2013-09-24
- Earliest claimed: 2007-05-31
- Assignees: INP Greifswald, Leibniz-Institut fuer Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V.
- Applicants: Gerold Lukowski; Karsten Schroeder; Wolf-Dieter Juelich; Ruediger Foest; Klaus-Dieter Weltmann; Joerg Ehlbeck
- Inventors: Gerold Lukowski; Karsten Schroeder; Wolf-Dieter Juelich; Ruediger Foest; Klaus-Dieter Weltmann; Joerg Ehlbeck
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8541065B2

## CPC

- B05D 3/141: {Plasma treatment}
- A61K 9/5123: {Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars}
- A61L 2/14: Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
- A61L 27/34: Macromolecular materials
- A61L 27/50: Materials characterised by their function or physical properties {, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials}
- A61L 27/54: Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances {(A61L27/227 takes precedence)}
- B05D 3/142: {Pretreatment}
- B05D 3/145: {After-treatment}
- B05D 7/02: to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber (treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances C08J7/00)
- A61L 2300/22: Lipids, fatty acids, e.g. prostaglandins, oils, fats, waxes
- A61L 2300/404: Biocides, antimicrobial agents, antiseptic agents
- A61L 2300/602: Type of release, e.g. controlled, sustained, slow
- A61L 2300/606: Coatings
- A61L 2400/12: Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
- B05D 2201/00: Polymeric substrate or laminate
- B05D 2401/32: applied as powders
- Y10T 428/25: Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02)
- A61K: PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES (devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms A61J3/00; chemical aspects of, or use of materials for deodorisation of air, for disinfection or sterilisation, or for bandages, dressings, absorbent pads or surgical articles A61L; soap compositions C11D)
- A61L: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES (preservation of bodies or disinfecting characterised by the agents employed A01N; preserving, e.g. sterilising, food or foodstuffs A23; preparations for medical, dental or toiletry purposes A61K)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coating surfaces with micro- and nanoparticles, the micro- and nanoparticles being chemically bonded to the surface, comprising the steps of pre-treatment of the surface with a plasma method, simultaneous or subsequent application of the micro- and nanoparticles to the surface, and subsequent fixation of the micro and nanoparticles on the surface using a plasma method, characterized in that the fixation of the micro- and nanoparticles takes place with the aid of anisothermal plasmas, the median electrical energy of which lies in the range of the bond dissociation energy of the micro- and nanoparticles, thus allowing the strength of the chemical bond between the surface and the micro- and nanoparticles to be variably set.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for coating a polymer surface with microparticles and nanoparticles, comprising:
a) pretreatment of the polymer surface using a plasma method, wherein the average electron energy of the anisothermal plasma for pretreatment of the polymer surface is from 0.01 to 20 eV,
b) subsequent application of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface,
c) subsequent fixation of the microparticles and nanoparticles on the polymer surface by a plasma method, wherein an average electron energy of the anisothermal plasma for bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface is in the range of 0.01 to 10 eV,
wherein
1) the microparticles and nanoparticles are chemically bonded to the polymer surface,
2) the bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles takes place with the aid of said anisothermal plasma, for bonding of the microparticles and nanoparticles to the polymer surface, wherein the average electron energy of said anisothermal plasma for bonding lies in the range of the bond dissociation energy of the microparticles and nanoparticles, and thereby the strength of the chemical bond between the polymer surface and the microparticles and nanoparticles are adjusted in variable manner;
3) the microparticles and nanoparticles are selected from the group of materials consisting of
lipids
polymers,
chitosans, chemically modified chitosans, water-soluble or water-insoluble chitosans,
dextrins or sugar compounds, and
biomasses comprising lipids, obtained from algae, cyanobacteria and/or fungi; and
4) the microparticles and nanoparticles have an average diameter of 10 nm-10 μm, and are distributed on the polymer surface at intervals of 10-3000 nm, structured as a function of the size of the particles applied.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the microparticles and nanoparticles are obtained by a method selected from the group of methods consisting of shredding methods, high-pressure homogenization, shredding methods at high speeds of rotation, emulsification or evaporation methods, emulsion/diffusion methods, and solvent displacement methods.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the microparticles and nanoparticles are additionally doped with at least one substance selected from the group consisting of
a) antimicrobially active substances/natural substances,
b) pharmaceutical or cosmetic active substances,
c) masking ingredients,
d) mineral substances,
e) radical scavengers,
f) vitamins,
g) silver particles,
h) biomasses that contain lipids, and
i) reactive multi-functional linker molecules.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein coating with microparticles and nanoparticles takes place by a dipping method or a spraying method or a drying method.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the microparticles and nanoparticles are mantled with nonyl phenols and/or non-ionic block copolymers.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method according to claim 1, wherein the coating comprises said lipid and said coating is stable at body temperature, and the lipid is removed again in a chemical disinfection washing method between 50-80° C.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method according to claim 6, wherein the lipid is fixed in place on the polymer surface, after conversion to microparticles and nanoparticles.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A process comprising the method according to claim 1, wherein the process is one selected from the group consisting of
a) germ reduction or disinfection of polymer surfaces,
b) immobilization of microparticles and nanoparticles on polymer surfaces,
c) protection of polymer surfaces from re-growth of microorganisms,
d) production of pharmaceutical or medical products,
e) transplantation medicine,
f) conditioning of medical instruments and devices,
g) an antibiotic carrier, and/or
h) permanent antimicrobial outfitting of service devices,
i) improving corrosion protection,
j) surface modification of implants or in slow-release systems for promoting in-growth as well as preventing implant-associated infections, and/or
k) for reducing the slide friction or for improving the sliding properties,
l) accelerating cell growth or for stimulation of leukocytes or for activation of the reticulo-endothelial system,
m) impregnation of textile materials and/or materials produced on the basis of cellulose, or as cover materials for wound care,
n) metered release of antimicrobially active substances,
o) metered release of immune-stimulating active substances,
p) production of drug delivery systems,
q) controlled removal of the microparticles and nanoparticles from the polymer surface, and
r) connecting different materials made from plastics, natural substances, and modified natural substances with adhesive layer thicknesses from 50 to 5000 nm.