# US 8,539,819 B2 · Pressure monitor optimization of fluid path utilization > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,539,819 B2 - Document ID: US8539819B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/416,364 - Filed: 2012-03-09 - Published: 2012-08-30 - Granted: 2013-09-24 - Earliest claimed: 2004-03-05 - Assignees: Waters Technologies Corporation - Applicants: Theodore D. Ciolkosz; James E. Usowicz; Peyton C. Beals; Russell Keene - Inventors: Theodore D. Ciolkosz; James E. Usowicz; Peyton C. Beals; Russell Keene - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8539819B2 ## CPC - G01M 3/02: by using fluid or vacuum - B01D 15/14: relating to the introduction of the feed to the apparatus - B01D 15/163: {Pressure or speed conditioning} - G01N 11/00: Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties - G01N 30/24: Automatic injection systems - G01N 30/32: of pressure or speed (G01N30/36 takes precedence) - G01M: TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract A device comprising a pressure monitor and a control means that receives a signal representing measured pressure at the pressure monitor and controls the controllable elements of a fluid system is utilized to monitor a fluid system for error conditions, to optimize operations and to diagnose the fluid system. By following a testing protocol that selectively enables parts of the system, the control means narrows the list of possible failing components. Comparing the measured pressure against normal pressures allows the device to identify error conditions. Determining the volume of fluid being transported and controlling the duration of the flow optimizes operation of the fluid system. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A device for monitoring pressure in a fluid system comprising: a pressure monitor for placement in communication with a fluid in said fluid system, said pressure monitor generating a signal representative of a measured pressure; and a control means for receiving said signal representative of said measured pressure and comparing said measured pressure to a reference, wherein the control means is configured to determine a viscosity of a fluid flowing in the fluid system by multiplying the measured pressure by a viscosity calibration factor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein said pressure monitor and said control means are placed in communication with a fluid system. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2 wherein said fluid system comprises a liquid chromatography system. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2 wherein said fluid system comprises a liquid chromatography sample injection system. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2 wherein said fluid system comprises: at least one fluid path section having a first end and a second end; at least one fluid connection means having a plurality of ports for interconnection and responsive to a connect command signal to assume a first position wherein fluid flows between at least two of said ports and responsive to a disconnect command signal to assume a second position in which fluid does not flow between any of said plurality of ports, at least one port connected to said first end for forming a fluid system configuration; and a controllable pressure source connected to said second end and responsive to a pressure command signal to create a source pressure on fluid in said fluid system. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The device of claim 5 wherein said at least one fluid connection means has at least one first port and a second port, said at least one first port connected to a first fluid path section and said second port connected to a second fluid path section. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein said control means is a source of said pressure command signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The device of claim 7 wherein said control means is a source of said connect command signal and said disconnect command signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The device of claim 5 wherein said controllable pressure source is a metering syringe. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) The device of claim 5 wherein said pressure monitor is disposed in one of said at least one fluid path sections. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The device of claim 10 wherein said control means issues at least one disconnect command signal to place at least one of said fluid connection means in said second position, creating a first closed fluid system configuration. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The device of claim 11 wherein said control means monitors said measured pressure over time to detect a degradation of said measured pressure indicative of a lack of fluid integrity in said first closed fluid system configuration. ### Claim 13 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein said at least one fluid connection means is a multiport valve having at least one first position and said second position. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The device of claim 11 wherein said control means issues a pressure command signal, said pressure command signal to create a predetermined pressure, and said control means reports an error if said measured pressure does not reach a predetermined value within a specified period of time after sending said pressure command signal. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The device of claim 10 wherein said control means has a library of entries comprising command signals to be sent, time, and normal measured pressure values and said control means issues said command signals for one entry and compares a set of received measured pressures to said normal measured pressure values, reporting differences between said pressures that exceed a preset threshold. ### Claim 16 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2 wherein said fluid system comprises: a monitored fluid path section having a first end and a second end; a first and second fluid subsystem each fluid subsystem comprising at least one fluid path section having a section first end and a section second end, at least one fluid connection means having a plurality of ports for interconnection and responsive to a connect command signal to assume a first position wherein fluid flows between at least two of said ports and responsive to a disconnect command signal to assume a second position in which fluid does not flow between any of said plurality of ports, at least one port connected to said at least one section first end for forming said fluid subsystem and a controllable pressure source connected to said at least one section second end, said controllable pressure source responsive to a pressure command signal to create a source pressure on fluid in said fluid subsystem, said first fluid subsystem connected to said first end of said monitored fluid path section and said second fluid subsystem connected to said second end of said monitored fluid path section, said pressure monitor in communication with said monitored fluid path section. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The device of claim 16 wherein said control means monitors said signal from said pressure monitor and compares said measured pressure values over time for identifying degradations indicative of reduced fluid integrity of said fluid circuit. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The device of claim 16 in which said control means issues at least one connect command signal and at least one disconnect command signal to form a first closed fluid circuit, issues at least one pressure command signal to apply said source pressure from one controllable pressure source, receives said signal representative of said measured pressure and identifies non-leaking components based on a stability of said measured pressure in said first closed fluid circuit. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The device of claim 18 wherein said controllable pressure source is responsive to said pressure command signal to compress said fluid in said fluid system until a desired source pressure is achieved. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The device of claim 18 wherein said control means forms a series of closed fluid circuits, each successive closed fluid circuit incorporating at least one previously untested fluid path section or fluid connection means or controlled pressure source, and said control means monitors said measured pressure of each successive closed fluid circuit to identify further non-leaking components of said closed fluid circuit and reports a successive closed fluid circuit containing leaking components as identified by a decreasing measured pressure. ### Claim 21 (depends on 16) The device of claim 16 wherein at least one of said at least one fluid connection means comprises an interconnection of valve means. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The device of claim 21 wherein said fluid connection means is a multiport valve means. ### Claim 23 (depends on 2) The device of claim 2 for efficiently washing said fluid system using said monitored pressure, wherein said controllable pressure source comprises a first wash syringe containing a first wash fluid and a first fluid connection means to select said first wash syringe, and said control means executes a series of instructions that cause said control means to send connect command signals and disconnect command signals to said at least one connection means to configure said fluid system, to send at least one connect command signal to said first connection means to select said first wash syringe and to send a first pressure command signal to said first wash syringe while monitoring said measured pressure until said measured pressure equals a predetermined first wash pressure, to flow said first wash fluid at said first wash pressure until a predetermined volume of first wash fluid has been provided. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The device of claim 23 for efficiently washing said fluid system using said monitored pressure wherein said controllable pressure source further comprises a second wash syringe containing a second wash fluid and said first fluid connection means selects between said first and said second wash syringe, said control means further executing a series of instructions that cause said control means to send at least one connect command signal to said first connection means to select said second wash syringe and send a second pressure command signal to said second wash syringe until said measured pressure equals a predetermined second wash pressure, and to flow said second wash fluid at said second wash pressure until a predetermined volume of second wash fluid has been provided. ### Claim 25 A method of monitoring pressure in a fluid system comprised of at least one fluid path section having a first end and a second end and at least one controllable pressure source connected to said first end of at least one fluid path section and responsive to a pressure command signal to create a source pressure in said at least one fluid path section, said method comprising: providing a device comprising: a pressure monitor for placement in communication with a fluid in said fluid system, said pressure monitor generating a signal representative of a measured pressure; a control means for receiving said signal representative of said measured pressure and for sending signals to said fluid system, said control means being configured to determine a viscosity of a fluid flowing in the fluid system by multiplying the measured pressure by a viscosity calibration factor; placing said pressure monitor in communication with a fluid in said at least one fluid path section; issuing a pressure command signal from said control means to one of said controllable pressure sources to generate said source pressure in said at least one fluid path section; and comparing said measured pressure to a reference to identify errors in said fluid system. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The method of claim 25 wherein said fluid system further comprises at least one fluid connection means having a plurality of ports for interconnecting with said at least one controllable pressure source and said at least one fluid path section, said fluid connection means being capable of assuming at least a first position wherein fluid flows between at least two of said plurality of ports in response to a connect command signal and a second position in which no fluid flows in response to a disconnect command signal, said fluid connection means connected to an end of said fluid path section. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26 wherein said fluid connection means is a multiport valve. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26 wherein said fluid system comprises a first fluid connection means having at least a first port and a second port, a second fluid connection means having at least a first port and a second port, and one of said at least one controllable pressure sources is connected to said first port of said first fluid connection means, said second port of said first fluid connection means is connected to a first end of a first fluid path section, a second end of said first fluid path section is connected to a first port of a second connection means, and said method further comprises: sending at least one connect command signal and disconnect command signal to said first and second fluid connection means to place said first connection means in said first position and said second connection means in said second position for creating a closed system; sending a pressure command signal to said controllable pressure source to generate a predetermined source pressure; and comparing said measured pressure to said predetermined source pressure and reporting an establishment error if a difference is greater than a first allowed amount. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The method of claim 28 further comprising after said comparing step: waiting a predetermined length of time; comparing a current measured pressure to said predetermined source pressure: and reporting a leak error if a difference is greater than a second allowed amount. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27 comprising: providing said control means with a library having entries comprising sets of command signals and sets of normal pressure values; issuing the command signals of an entry from said control means; comparing said measured pressures to said normal pressure values; and reporting differences that exceed a preset threshold. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The method of claim 30 wherein said fluid system further comprises a second controllable pressure source connected to said second port of said second fluid connection means, said method further comprising: sending at least one connect command signal and disconnect command signal from said control means to said first and second fluid connection means to place said first fluid connection means in said second position and said second fluid connection means in said first position in which fluid flows between said first fluid path and said second controllable pressure source; sending at least one said pressure command signal to said second controllable pressure source for setting said source pressure; and monitoring said signal from said pressure monitor and identifying non-leaking components based on a stability of said measured pressure over time. ### Claim 32 (depends on 30) The method of claim 30 wherein said fluid system comprises a monitored fluid path section having a first end and a second end and a first and second fluid subsystem each fluid subsystem comprising at least one fluid path section having a section first end and a section second end, at least one fluid connection means having a plurality of ports for interconnection and responsive to a connect command signal to assume a first position wherein fluid flows between at least two of said ports and responsive to a disconnect command signal to assume a second position in which fluid does not flow between any of said plurality of ports, at least one port connected to said at least one section first end for forming said fluid subsystem and a controllable pressure source connected to said at least one section second end, said controllable pressure source responsive to a pressure command signal to create a source pressure on fluid in said fluid subsystem, said first fluid subsystem connected to said first end of said monitored fluid path section and said second fluid subsystem connected to said second end of said monitored fluid path section, said pressure monitor in communication with said monitored fluid path section, said method further comprising: sending at least one said connect command signal and disconnect command signal to said second fluid subsystem to create a configuration wherein fluid flows between a controllable pressure source of said second subsystem to said monitored fluid path section; sending at least one said connect command signal and disconnect command signal to said first fluid subsystem to create a configuration wherein fluid does not flow to said first subsystem; sending at least one said pressure command signal to said controllable pressure source of said second subsystem for setting said source pressure; and monitoring said signal from said pressure monitor and identifying non-leaking components based on the stability of said measured pressure over time. ### Claim 33 (depends on 32) The method of claim 32 further comprising: sending at least one said connect command signal and disconnect command signal to said first fluid subsystem to create a configuration wherein fluid flows between a controllable pressure source of said first subsystem to said monitored fluid path section; sending at least one said connect command signal and disconnect command signal to said second fluid subsystem to create a configuration wherein fluid does not flow to said second subsystem; sending at least one said pressure command signal to said controllable pressure source of said first subsystem for setting said source pressure; and monitoring said signal from said pressure monitor and identifying additional non-leaking components based on the stability of said measured pressure over time. ### Claim 34 (depends on 32) The method of claim 32 wherein said fluid connection means comprises an interconnection of a plurality of valve means. ### Claim 35 (depends on 25) The method of claim 25 wherein said fluid system is an autosampler for a liquid chromatography system. ### Claim 36 (depends on 25) The method of claim 25, further comprising: calculating a viscosity of said fluid using said measured pressure and said viscosity calibration factor.