# US 8,539,746 B2 · Tether for tropospheric aeolian generator

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- Number: US 8,539,746 B2
- Document ID: US8539746B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 13/138,234
- Filed: 2010-01-20
- Published: 2012-02-16
- Granted: 2013-09-24
- Earliest claimed: 2009-01-23
- Assignees: Kite Gen Research S.R.L.
- Applicants: Massimo Ippolito
- Inventors: Massimo Ippolito
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8539746B2

## CPC

- C02F 1/286: {using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof}
- C05F 7/00: Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
- C05F 17/40: Treatment of liquids or slurries
- D07B 5/005: {characterised by their outer shape or surface properties}
- F03D 5/00: Other wind motors (controlling thereof F03D7/00)
- C02F 2103/20: from animal husbandry
- D07B 1/00: Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B 1/025: {comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers}
- D07B 1/162: {characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing}
- D07B 2201/1004: General structure or appearance
- D07B 2201/2087: being of the coated type
- D07B 2201/209: comprising braided structures
- D07B 2205/2014: High performance polyolefins, e.g. Dyneema or Spectra
- F05B 2240/921: kept aloft due to aerodynamic effects
- Y02A 40/20: Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
- Y02E 10/70: Wind energy
- Y02P 20/133: Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
- Y02P 20/145: the feedstock being materials of biological origin
- Y02W 30/40: Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
- C02F: TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (separation in general B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F9/04; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes)
- C05F: ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- D07B: ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL (joining ropes or cables to one another or to other objects B65H69/00, F16G11/00; {mountaineering ropes A63B29/02}; mechanical finishing or dressing of ropes D02J; {braiding D04C}; decorative ropes or cords D04D; suspension cables for bridges E01D19/16; specially adapted for driving, or for being driven by, pulleys or other gearing elements F16G9/00; electric cables or joints insofar as electrical aspects are essential H01B, H01R)
- F03D: WIND MOTORS
- F05B: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02W: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT

## Abstract

A rope (3) is described for a tropospheric aeolian generator (1) composed, in length, of at least one first sector (4) adapted to resist to repeated flexure cycles, having a safety coefficient (S1), a diameter D(b1) and an aerodynamic resistance coefficient (CD1); at least one second sector (5) adapted to resist to repeated traction cycles with great load, having a safety coefficient S2<S1 and a diameter D(b2)<D(b1).

## Claims

### Claim 1

A rope for a tropospheric aeolian generator, the rope comprising in length:
at least one first sector adapted to resist to repeated flexure cycles, the first sector having a first safety coefficient that is the ratio between static ultimate tensile strength of the rope and maximum load applied when operating the rope of between 3 and 15 and having a first diameter between 6 mm and 72 mm and a first aerodynamic resistance coefficient;
at least one second sector adapted to resist to repeated traction cycles under load, the second sector having second aerodynamic resistance coefficient and a second safety coefficient less than the first safety coefficient and a second diameter less than the first diameter,
wherein the first and second sectors are joined to form a continuous and progressive variation between the sectors, the first and second sectors being terminated at their own ends and mutually joined with one or more junction elements made of metallic or composite material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the rope further comprises in length, at least one third sector, the third sector having a profiled section having a transverse section having a third aerodynamic resistance coefficient less than the first aerodynamic resistance coefficient.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The rope of claim 2, wherein the third aerodynamic resistance coefficient is between 1.2 and 0.05.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The rope of claim 3 wherein the third aerodynamic resistance coefficient is between 0.6 and 0.05.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The rope of claim 2, wherein the first, second and third sectors are joined to make a continuous and progressive variation between sectors, the first, second and third sectors being terminated at their own ends and mutually joined with one or more junction elements composed of metallic or composite material.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the rope is adapted for connection to a kite through at least one pair of bridles made with materials having a different modulus of elasticity.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The rope of claim 2, wherein the third sector comprises stabilising tail planes.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The rope of claim 7, wherein the tail planes are joined to the third sector through at least one hinge and one pin adapted to allow a rotation of the tail planes around an axis orthogonal to an axis of the rope.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The rope of claim 8, wherein the hinge is joined to the profiled section through at least one strap.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The rope of claim 8, wherein the hinge comprises at least one spring adapted to keep the tail planes in position.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the first sector and the second sector each comprise a mixture of synthetic fibres.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The rope of claim 11, wherein the synthetic fibres are HMPE fibres.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector has a circular section and is coated with a coating having a low friction coefficient.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector is covered with an aerodynamically profiled sheath plastic material.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector is covered with a sheath or coating comprising a plastic material having a distribution of recesses and ridges adapted to anticipate turbulent transition of the limit layer and to reduce the second aerodynamic resistance coefficient of the second sector.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The rope of claim 15, wherein the sheath is interrupted at regular intervals to leave the rope free of being flexed.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector is covered with a sheath having a surface having at least one helical profile, or a surface covered with a protecting braid having filaments oriented along flow lines.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The rope of claim 17, wherein the sheath is interrupted at regular intervals to leave the rope free of being flexed.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector is wound with bands of fabric or plastic material oriented along flow lines.

### Claim 20 (depends on 1)

The rope claim 1, wherein the second sector is covered with an aerodynamically profiled sheath comprising a plastic material.

### Claim 21 (depends on 1)

The rope of claim 1, wherein the second sector has an elongated sectional shape having a ratio between longer axis and shorter axis of 1.5 to 5.

### Claim 22 (depends on 1)

A multiple rope comprising a plurality of individual ropes according to claim 1 wherein the individual ropes are in parallel.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The multiple rope of claim 22 wherein recesses between the individual ropes comprise a low-density material for use in a sectional wing profile wherein one of the individual ropes has a greater diameter and occupies an area of maximum thickness of the wing profile.

### Claim 24 (depends on 22)

The multiple rope of claim 22, wherein the multiple rope is covered by any of a protecting braid, or a flexible sheath comprising a plastic material.