Light-emitting device and method for manufacturing the same

A light-emitting element comprising:

• a first electrode;
• a first layer over the first electrode, the first layer comprising:
• a compound selected from the group consisting of oxide semiconductor and a metal oxide;
• and
• an organic compound;
• a light-emitting layer over the first layer, the light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting compound;
• and
• a second electrode over the light-emitting layer,
• wherein a hole transportation property of the organic compound is higher than an electron transportation property of the organic compound, and
• wherein the organic compound and the compound are capable of forming a charge-transfer complex in the first layer.

A lighting system installed with a light-emitting device comprising:

• a first electrode;
• a first layer over the first electrode, the first layer comprising:
• a compound selected from the group consisting of oxide semiconductor and a metal oxide;
• and
• an organic compound;
• a light-emitting layer over the first layer, the light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting compound;
• and
• a second electrode over the light-emitting layer,
• wherein a hole transportation property of the organic compound is higher than an electron transportation property of the organic compound, and
• wherein the organic compound and the compound are capable of forming a charge-transfer complex in the first layer.