Electrochemical sensors
AssigneeSensor Innovations, Inc.
InventorsCarolyn R. Kahn, Elicia Wong, Vern Norviel
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Described herein are substrates, sensors and systems related to measuring the concentration of an analyte such as hydrogen ion in a sample. Redox active moieties whose reduction and/or oxidation potentials are sensitive to the presence of an analyte are immobilized onto a surface of an electrode. Immobilized redox active moieties whose reduction and/or oxidation potential are insensitive to the analyte can be used for reference. Voltammetric measurements made using such modified surfaces can accurately determine the presence and/or concentrations of analytes in a sample of interest. The electrochemical sensors of the invention are robust and can be made so as not to require calibration or recalibration.
Claims30
A pH sensor, comprising:
- a non-metallic solid state electrode having a surface having immobilized thereon a redox-active moiety, wherein the redox-active moiety exhibits an oxidation potential and/or a reduction potential that is sensitive to the presence of hydrogen ion,
- wherein the redox-active moiety is immobilized on the surface of the solid state electrode through a carbon covalent bond, and
- wherein said pH sensor has a sensitivity of at least about 45.1 mV per pH unit.
A pH sensor, comprising:
- a first non-metallic working electrode having a surface having immobilized thereon a first redox-active moiety, wherein the first redox-active moiety exhibits an oxidation potential and/or a reduction potential that is sensitive to the presence of hydrogen ion;
- and
- a second non-metallic working electrode electrically isolated from said first working electrode, said second working electrode having a surface having immobilized thereon a second redox-active moiety, wherein the second redox-active moiety exhibits an oxidation potential and/or a reduction potential that is insensitive to the presence of hydrogen ion,
- wherein said pH sensor has an accuracy to within about 1 pH unit or less while in use or storage for about ten hours or more.
A calibration-free sensor, comprising:
- a non-metallic electrode having a surface having immobilized thereon a redox-active moiety exhibiting an oxidation potential and/or a reduction potential that is sensitive to the presence of hydrogen ion;
- and
- a microprocessor programmed to measure the concentration of said hydrogen ion at an accuracy within about 50% or less while in use or storage for about ten hours or more without calibration.
A system, comprising:
- a sensor comprising a non-metallic solid state electrode having a surface having immobilized thereon a redox-active moiety exhibiting an oxidation potential and/or a reduction potential that is sensitive to the presence of an hydrogen ion;
- and
- a power supply that provides power to said sensor to sense said hydrogen ion, said power supply comprising a battery,
- wherein the sensor is disposable or single-use.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.