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US 8,475,994 B2Granted
Toner compositions
AssigneeXerox Corporation
InventorsGrazyna E. Kmiecik-lawrynowicz, Robert D. Bayley, Maura A. Sweeney, Mark E. Mang
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A toner having charge control agents which impart excellent triboelectric charging characteristics. In embodiments, the toner particles are washed with a solution containing metal ions that impart desirable charging characteristics to the toner particles.
Claims20
A process for producing toner comprising:
- adding an optional colorant and an optional wax to an emulsion comprising at least one resin to form particles;
- aggregating the particles to form aggregated particles;
- coalescing the aggregated particles to form toner particles;
- washing the toner particles with a solution including a metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, chromium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium, beryllium and combinations thereof, wherein the metal ion is provided by a metal salt which attaches to the surface of the toner particle;
- and
- recovering the toner particles;
- wherein the at least one resin is selected from the group consisting of styrenes, acrylates, methacrylates, butadienes, isoprenes, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylonitriles, and combinations thereof.
4 more elements
A process for producing toner comprising:
- adding a colorant, an optional wax, an optional charge control agent, and an aggregating agent to an emulsion comprising at least one resin to form particles;
- aggregating the particles to form aggregated particles;
- coalescing the aggregated particles to form toner particles;
- washing the toner particles at least one time with deionized water;
- washing the toner particles with a solution including a metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, calcium, chromium, aluminum, magnesium, barium, strontium, beryllium, and combinations thereof, the solution including the metal ion at a concentration of from about 0.01% to about 10%, wherein the metal ion is provided by a metal salt which attaches to the surface of the toner particle;
- and
- recovering the toner particles;
- wherein the at least one resin is selected from the group consisting of styrenes, acrylates, methacrylates, butadienes, isoprenes, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylonitriles, and combinations thereof.
5 more elements
A process for producing toner comprising:
- adding a colorant selected from the group consisting of dyes, pigments, combinations of dyes, combinations of pigments, and combinations of dyes and pigments, an optional wax, an optional charge control agent, and an aggregating agent to an emulsion comprising at least one resin selected from the group consisting of styrenes, acrylates, methacrylates, butadienes, isoprenes, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylonitriles, and combinations thereof to form particles;
- aggregating the particles to form aggregated particles;
- coalescing the aggregated particles to form toner particles;
- washing the toner particles at least one time with deionized water;
- washing the toner particles with a solution including a metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc, calcium, chromium, aluminum, magnesium, barium, strontium, beryllium, and combinations thereof at a concentration of from about 0.01% to about 10%, the metal ion solution being added at a rate of from about 1 drop/min to about 120 drops/min, wherein the metal ion is provided by a metal salt which attaches to the surface of the toner particle;
- and
- recovering the toner particles.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.