# US 8,464,794 B2 · Wellbore laser operations > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,464,794 B2 - Document ID: US8464794B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/825,906 - Filed: 2010-06-29 - Published: 2010-12-30 - Granted: 2013-06-18 - Earliest claimed: 2009-06-29 - Assignees: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. - Applicants: Roger L. Schultz; Loyd E. East; Harold G. Walters; Billy W. McDaniel; Mohamed Y. Soliman; Neal G. Skinner - Inventors: Roger L. Schultz; Loyd E. East; Harold G. Walters; Billy W. McDaniel; Mohamed Y. Soliman; Neal G. Skinner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8464794B2 ## CPC - E21B 29/06: Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations ({E21B29/005 and} E21B29/08 take precedence) - E21B 29/02: by explosives or by thermal or chemical means {(freeing stuck objects by explosives E21B31/002)} - E21B 43/11: Perforators; Permeators - E21B 43/12: Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells (E21B43/25 takes precedence; valve arrangements E21B34/00) - B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS - B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING ## Abstract Methods, systems, and devices related to downhole wellbore operations, such as drilling and completing wells in an earth formation, include a laser device. A first portion of a subterranean formation can be characterized, the first portion being at a first location. A first orientation of an aperture can be selected based on the characteristics of the first portion of the subterranean formation. A laser beam can be used to create the aperture having the first orientation. A second portion of the subterranean formation can be characterized, the second portion being at a second location different from the first location. A second orientation, different from the first orientation, can be selected based on the characteristics of the second portion of the subterranean formation. The laser beam can be moved to the second location and can be used to form the aperture having the second orientation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: characterizing a subterranean formation; selecting a first orientation of an aperture geometry and a second, different orientation of an aperture geometry based on characteristics of the subterranean formation; using a laser beam to form a first aperture having the aperture geometry of the selected first orientation in the wall of a wellbore; using the laser beam to form a second aperture having the aperture geometry of the selected second, different orientation in the wall of the wellbore; and in response to levels of particles in a fluid being produced from the wellbore, operating the laser beam to change a flow distribution of the wellbore, wherein operating the laser beam to change the flow distribution in the wellbore comprises sealing one or both of the first or second apertures in the wellbore using the laser beam. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first orientation comprises selecting an orientation aligned to provide greater exposure of the first aperture to an axis of preferred permeability. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first orientation comprises selecting an orientation aligned relative to direction of principal stress in the formation. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first orientation comprises selecting an orientation to facilitate formation of a fracture that connects with a pre-existing natural fracture. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein using the laser to form an aperture comprises forming an aperture connecting to a pre-existing natural fracture identified while characterizing the formation. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein using the laser to form a first aperture comprises forming the first aperture at a location selected for fracture initiation. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, comprising sealing the first aperture extending through the casing and forming the second aperture extending through the casing of the wellbore, the second aperture having a different geometry than the first aperture. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein a width of the second aperture is smaller than a width of the first aperture. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, comprising sealing the first aperture extending through the casing and forming the second aperture extending through the casing of the wellbore, the second aperture having a different location within the wellbore than the first aperture. ### Claim 10 A method comprising: characterizing a subterranean formation; selecting a first shape of an aperture and a second, different shape of an aperture based on characteristics of the subterranean formation; using a laser beam to form a first aperture of the selected first shape in the wall of the wellbore; and using the laser beam to form a second aperture of the selected second, different shape in the wall of the wellbore; and in response to levels of particles in a fluid being produced from the wellbore, operating the laser beam to change a flow distribution of the wellbore, wherein operating the laser beam to change the flow distribution in the wellbore comprises sealing one or both of the first or second apertures in the wellbore using the laser beam. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the shapes of the apertures have a maximum dimension that is aligned with a principal stress field of the formation. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein selecting the first aperture shape comprises selecting an aperture shape with a longer axis aligned to expose more of the producing formation than a circular cross-section hole of a similar perimeter. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein forming the first aperture comprises forming an aperture that extends along the length of the wellbore and is orthogonal to a formation bedding plane. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein forming the first aperture comprises forming an aperture with a first dimension that increases with increasing distance from an axis of the wellbore. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein using the laser beam to form an aperture comprises forming an aperture with negative skin. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the wall of the wellbore comprises a casing and wherein using a laser to form an aperture in a wall of the wellbore comprises forming an aperture in the casing. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein using a laser beam to form the first aperture in a wall of the wellbore comprises forming an aperture extending through the casing into the subterranean formation. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the wall of the wellbore is an open hole and using a laser to form an aperture in the wall of the wellbore comprises forming an aperture in side surfaces of the open hole. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein characterizing a subterranean formation comprises characterizing a distribution of sizes of particles in the subterranean formation; and selecting a first aperture shape based on characteristics of the subterranean formation comprises selecting a slot size to filter particles from fluid in the formation, the slot size selected based on the distribution of sizes of particles in the subterranean formation. ### Claim 20 A method comprising: selecting a first orientation of an aperture geometry and a second, different orientation of an aperture geometry based on characteristics of a subterranean formation; using a laser to form a first aperture having the aperture geometry of the selected first orientation in the wall of the wellbore; and using the laser to form a second aperture having the aperture geometry of the selected second, different orientation in the wall of the wellbore; and in response to levels of particles in a fluid being produced from the wellbore, operating the laser to change a flow distribution of the wellbore, wherein operating the laser to change the flow distribution in the wellbore comprises sealing one or both of the first or second apertures in the wellbore using the laser. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method of claim 20, comprising: selecting a first aperture shape and a second, different aperture shape based on characteristics of the subterranean formation; using the laser to form the first aperture of the selected first aperture shape in the wall of the wellbore; using the laser to form the second aperture of the selected second, different shape in the wall of the wellbore. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, wherein selecting an aperture shape based on characteristics of the subterranean formation comprises selecting a slot size to filter particles from fluid in the formation, the slot size selected based on the distribution of sizes of particles in the subterranean formation. ### Claim 23 (depends on 20) The method of claim 20, wherein using the laser to form the first aperture comprises forming an aperture with negative skin. ### Claim 24 (depends on 20) The method of claim 20, wherein operating the laser to change the flow distribution of the wellbore comprises forming the first and second apertures in the wellbore using the laser.