# US 8,449,176 B2 · Automated binary processing of thermographic sequence data > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,449,176 B2 - Document ID: US8449176B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/763,992 - Filed: 2010-04-20 - Published: 2010-09-16 - Granted: 2013-05-28 - Earliest claimed: 2005-08-01 - Assignees: Thermal Wave Imaging, Inc. - Applicants: Steven Shepard - Inventors: Steven Shepard - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8449176B2 ## CPC - G01N 21/171: {with calorimetric detection, e.g. with thermal lens detection} - G01J 5/0896: {using a light source, e.g. for illuminating a surface} - G01N 25/72: Investigating presence of flaws - G06T 7/0008: {checking presence/absence} - G01J 5/48: Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means - G01N 2021/1714: {Photothermal radiometry with measurement of emission} - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G01J: MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY (light sources F21, H01J, H01K, H05B; investigating properties of materials by optical means G01N) - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract A method for processing thermographic data is disclosed including thermally disturbing a specimen of unknown quality, collecting thermal data from said specimen, converting the collected data into a measure of variance and comparing the variance from the sample of unknown quality against the variance of a sample of known quality in order to determine if the quality of the specimen of unknown quality is acceptable. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of processing thermal graphic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a first specimen of known acceptable quality, collecting a first collection of thermal data from said first specimen as the temperature of the first specimen temporally deviates, converting said first collection of data into a first measure of variance, thermally disturbing a second specimen of unknown quality, collecting a second collection of thermal data from said second specimen as the temperature of the second specimen deviates, converting said second collection of data into a second measure of variance, comparing said first and second measures of variance to one another to determine if the second measure of variance is within a predetermined range of acceptability. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second measure of variance includes the step of: calculating the standard deviation of at least a portion of one of the first or second collection of thermal data. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first or second measures of variance include the step of: fitting a curve to at least one of the first or second collection of data. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of processing of thermographic data of claim 1, wherein said converting step further includes the substep of: creating a natural log (ln) transformation of said first collection of collected thermal data. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of processing of thermographic data of claim 1, wherein thermally disturbing the first specimen includes thermally disturbing the sample by applying an instantaneous heating or cooling pulse, a step heating or cooling pulse, a continuous heating or cooling pulse, or a modulated heating or cooling pulse. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of processing of thermographic data of claim 1, wherein converting said first collection of data step further includes: operating on said first collection of collected data using at least one of a least-squares linear piecewise function, a low-order polynomial, or a truncated Fourier series. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of processing of thermographic data of claim 1, wherein the comparing step further includes the step of: detecting the presence of one or more non-discrete defects of said specimen by comparing the first and second measures of variance. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further including thermally disturbing two or more specimens of known acceptable quality. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further including collecting a collection of data from each of said two or more specimens of known acceptable quality. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, further including determining an expected range of variance from the data collected from each of said two or more specimens. ### Claim 11 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said operating step further includes the step of: identifying discrete defects in a sample including identifying one or more pixels with a positive 2nd derivative peak followed by a negative 2nd derivative peak. ### Claim 12 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said operating step further includes of the step of: identifying discrete defects in a sample that fall within a defined depth range including finding one or more pixels with a positive 2nd derivative peak followed by a negative 2nd derivative peak wherein the positive 2nd derivative peaks fall within a defined time range. ### Claim 13 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said operating step further includes the step of: confirming that the sample is substantially similar to a predetermined standard including finding one or more pixels with a 2nd derivative peak time, peak time amplitude, and a zero crossing time behavior that substantially matches the behavior of the predetermined sample. ### Claim 14 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said operating step further includes the step of: identifying portions of a sample that do not match corresponding portions of the predetermined standard including finding one or more pixels of the sample that do not have a 2nd derivative peak time, peak amplitude, width, and zero crossing time behavior that matches the behavior of the predetermined standard. ### Claim 15 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said operating step further includes the step of: detecting anomalous boundary conditions on a back wall of the sample including identifying one or more pixels where a post-peak 2nd derivative includes an asymptotically negative portion. ### Claim 16 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation wherein said operating step further includes the step of: detecting an inclusion for thermally conductive substrate coupled to said sample including detecting one or more pixels with only a negative peak. ### Claim 17 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said converting data step further includes the step of: associating a peak of said 2nd derivative function with a constant width value. ### Claim 18 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said converting data step further includes the steps of: associating a peak of said 2nd derivative function with a constant peak height value. ### Claim 19 The method of binary processing of thermographic data, comprising the steps of: thermally disturbing a sample, collecting thermal data from said sample, converting said collected thermal data using a 2nd derivative function, and operating on said converted data using at least one binary classification operation, wherein said converting data step further includes correlating the timing of a peak of said 2nd derivative to a physical attribute of a subsurface attribute of said sample.