Oubit based systems, devices, and methods for analog processing

A multi-layered computer chip, comprising:

• a first plurality N of qubits laid out at least partially in a first metal layer;
• a second plurality M of qubits laid out at least partially in a second metal layer;
• each of the qubits of the second plurality of qubits cross each of the qubits of the first plurality of qubits;
• and
• a first plurality N times M of coupling devices, each of the coupling devices proximate to where a respective pair of the qubits from the first and the second plurality of qubits cross each other.

A system, comprising:

• a first qubit;
• a second qubit, wherein a portion of the first qubit crosses a portion of the second qubit;
• and
• a coupler that has a perimeter and that provides a communicative coupling between the first qubit and the second qubit, the coupler physically proximate to the portion of the first qubit that crosses the portion of the second qubit,
• wherein the first qubit includes a first qubit loop of superconducting material that is superconductive at a critical temperature and at least one Josephson junction, the second qubit includes a second qubit loop of superconducting material that is superconductive at a critical temperature and at least one Josephson junction, and the coupler includes a coupling loop of superconducting material that is superconductive at a critical temperature.