US 8,329,263 B2Granted

Method of coating a particle

AssigneeAgency for Science, Technology and Research

InventorsQuan Chen, Xian Ting Zeng

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Abstract

Disclosed is a method of coating a particle, the method comprising contacting (i) a particle, wherein the surface of the particle comprises functional groups suitable to undergo a coupling reaction with at least a hydroxyl group, a halogen group or an akloxy group, with (ii) molecules of formula (Ia) and/or (Ib): (Ia) or (Ib) wherein A is a metal or a metalloid, R1 and (in formula (Ia)) R2 are halogen or an alkoxy group and R20 is OH, halogen or an alkoxy group. G1 is an aliphatic; cycloaliphatic, aromatic, arylaliphatic or arylcycloaliphatic spacer and E is a functional group. Molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib) are immobilized on the surface of the particle by a coupling reaction between functional groups on the surface of the particle and moieties R20 .

Claims20

Dependent claims

A method of coating a particle, the method comprising:

(a) providing a particle, wherein the surface of the particle comprises functional groups suitable to undergo a coupling reaction with at least one of a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, and an alkoxy group;
(b) providing molecules of a compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib)
wherein
A is a metal or a metalloid;
R1, and in formula (Ia) R2, are an independently selected halogen or alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic group comprising 0-4 heteroatoms;
R20 is selected from the group consisting of OH, halogen, and an alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aromatic group, an arylaliphatic group, and an arylcycloaliphatic group;
G1 is a spacer selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic radical comprising 0-3 heteroatoms;
and
E is a functional group;
(c) contacting the molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib) and the particle, thereby forming a first mixture;
(d) exposing the first mixture to reaction conditions suitable for a coupling reaction between the functional groups on the surface of the particle and R20, thereby
(i) allowing the formation of covalent links by a reaction between functional groups on the surface of the particle and moieties R20 of molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib), thereby immobilising molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib) on the surface of the particle, and
(ii) allowing cross-linking of the molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib),
such that a precoating is formed on the particle;
(e) adding molecules of a compound of the general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb)
wherein M is a metal or a metalloid;
R31 and R32 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic and an arylcycloaliphatic group comprising 0-4 heteroatoms;
in formula (IIa) R33 is selected from the group consisting of OH, halogen, an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aromatic group, an arylaliphatic group, and an arylcycloaliphatic group;
G2 is a spacer selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic radical comprising 0-3 heteroatoms;
and
K is a functional group that is suitable for forming a covalent bond with the functional group E of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib);
thereby forming a second mixture;
(f) exposing the second mixture to ultrasound, thereby (i) allowing the formation of covalent links by an intermolecular reaction between functional groups E of the precoating formed in (d) and functional groups K of molecules of the compound of general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb) added in (e), and (ii) providing sufficient energy to allow cross-linking of the molecules of the compound of general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb), such that a coating is formed on the particle.

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Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

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Abstract

A method of coating a particle, the method comprising:

(a) providing a particle, wherein the surface of the particle comprises functional groups suitable to undergo a coupling reaction with at least one of a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, and an alkoxy group;
(b) providing molecules of a compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib)
wherein
A is a metal or a metalloid;
R1, and in formula (Ia) R2, are an independently selected halogen or alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic group comprising 0-4 heteroatoms;
R20 is selected from the group consisting of OH, halogen, and an alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aromatic group, an arylaliphatic group, and an arylcycloaliphatic group;
G1 is a spacer selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic radical comprising 0-3 heteroatoms;
and
E is a functional group;
(c) contacting the molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib) and the particle, thereby forming a first mixture;
(d) exposing the first mixture to reaction conditions suitable for a coupling reaction between the functional groups on the surface of the particle and R20, thereby
(i) allowing the formation of covalent links by a reaction between functional groups on the surface of the particle and moieties R20 of molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib), thereby immobilising molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib) on the surface of the particle, and
(ii) allowing cross-linking of the molecules of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib),
such that a precoating is formed on the particle;
(e) adding molecules of a compound of the general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb)
wherein M is a metal or a metalloid;
R31 and R32 are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group, the alkoxy group comprising a moiety selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic and an arylcycloaliphatic group comprising 0-4 heteroatoms;
in formula (IIa) R33 is selected from the group consisting of OH, halogen, an aliphatic group, a cycloaliphatic group, an aromatic group, an arylaliphatic group, and an arylcycloaliphatic group;
G2 is a spacer selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic, an arylaliphatic, and an arylcycloaliphatic radical comprising 0-3 heteroatoms;
and
K is a functional group that is suitable for forming a covalent bond with the functional group E of the compound of general formula (Ia) and/or (Ib);
thereby forming a second mixture;
(f) exposing the second mixture to ultrasound, thereby (i) allowing the formation of covalent links by an intermolecular reaction between functional groups E of the precoating formed in (d) and functional groups K of molecules of the compound of general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb) added in (e), and (ii) providing sufficient energy to allow cross-linking of the molecules of the compound of general formula (IIa) and/or (IIb), such that a coating is formed on the particle.

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