Composition and method for making a proppant
AssigneeOxane Materials, Inc.
InventorsRussell J. Smith, John R. Loscutova, Elizabeth A. Whitsitt, Christopher E. Coker, Andrew R. Barron, Mark Wiesner, Stephen A. Costantino, Rajendra K. Bordia
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Abstract
The present invention relates to proppants which can be used to prop open subterranean formation fractions. Proppant formulations are further disclosed which use one or more proppants of the present invention. Methods to prop open subterranean formation fractions are further disclosed. In addition, other uses for the proppants of the present invention are further disclosed, as well as methods of making the proppants.
Claims33
A proppant comprising at least two layers, wherein said at least two layers have a thermal expansion coefficient that is different from each other, and said at least two layers are ceramic layers, wherein each layer of said at least two layers has a thickness of 15 to 120 microns, wherein said proppant further comprises a template sphere having said at least two layers located as layers on said template sphere, wherein at least one of said ceramic layers comprises a ceramic layer surface that comprises a ceramic material or oxide thereof, or a metal oxide, wherein said ceramic layer surface has an average grain size of 1 micron or less, wherein said proppant is hollow, porous, or a closed foam network, and has a crush strength of 1,500 psi or greater.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.