# US 8,275,059 B2 · Frequency synchronization apparatus and method in OFDM system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,275,059 B2 - Document ID: US8275059B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 12/477,269 - Filed: 2009-06-03 - Published: 2010-06-10 - Granted: 2012-09-25 - Earliest claimed: 2008-12-04 - Assignees: Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.; Sungyunkwan University Foundation for Corporate Collaboration - Inventors: Bon Young Koo; Hyung Jin Choi; Se Bin Im; Jung In Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8275059B2 ## CPC - H04L 27/2657: {Carrier synchronisation} - H04L 27/2676: {Blind, i.e. without using known symbols} - H04L 27/2688: {Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A frequency synchronization apparatus includes: a correlating unit that obtains a first correlation value by correlating a known reference guard interval of an OFDM symbol and a reference copy interval corresponding to the reference guard interval, and obtains a second correlation value by correlating the estimate guard interval and an estimate copy interval corresponding to the estimate guard interval; a determining unit that compares the first and second correlation values to determine a first case where the first correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the second correlation value, a second case where the second correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the first correlation value, and a third case which is not the first case nor the second case; and a frequency offset estimating unit that estimates a frequency offset by using a correlation value corresponding to any one of the first to third. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A frequency synchronization apparatus in an OFDM system, the apparatus comprising: a correlating unit that obtains a first correlation value by correlating a known reference guard interval of an OFDM symbol and a reference copy interval corresponding to the reference guard interval, sets an estimate guard interval from a pre-set point of the reference guard interval, and obtains a second correlation value by correlating the estimate guard interval and an estimate copy interval corresponding to the estimate guard interval; a determining unit that compares the first and second correlation values to determine a first case where the first correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the second correlation value, a second case where the second correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the first correlation value, and a third case which is not the first case nor the second case; and a frequency offset estimating unit that estimates a frequency offset by using a correlation value corresponding to any one of the first to third cases determined by the determining unit. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the correlating unit sets the pre-set point, a start point of the estimate guard interval, as a middle point of the reference guard interval. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the determining unit determines the first case if a square value of the first correlation value is larger by more than double than a square value of the second correlation value, determines the second case if the square value of the second correlation value is larger by more than double than the square value of the first correlation value, and determines the third case if it does not fall under the first case nor the second case. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the frequency offset estimating unit takes an arc tangent for correlation values accumulated by an accumulating unit, and multiplies 1 2 ⁢ π thereto to estimate the frequency offset. ### Claim 5 A frequency synchronization apparatus in an OFDM system, the apparatus comprising: a correlating unit that obtains a first correlation value by correlating a known reference guard interval of each OFDM symbol and a reference copy interval corresponding to the reference guard interval, sets an estimate guard interval from a pre-set point of the reference guard interval, and obtains a second correlation value by correlating the estimate guard interval and an estimate copy interval corresponding to the estimate guard interval; a determining unit that compares the first and second correlation values to determine a first case where the first correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the second correlation value, a second case where the second correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the first correlation value, and a third case which is not the first case nor the second case; an accumulating unit that accumulates the first correlation value by the pre-set symbol accumulation number in the event of the first case, accumulates the second correlation value by the pre-set symbol accumulation number in the event of the second case, and accumulates a value obtained by adding the first and second correlation values by the pre-set symbol accumulation number in the event of the third case; and a frequency offset estimating unit that estimates a frequency offset by using the correlation values accumulated by the accumulating unit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the correlating unit sets the pre-set point, the start point of the estimate guard interval, as a middle point of the reference guard interval. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the determining unit determines the first case if a square value of the first correlation value is larger by more than double than a square value of the second correlation value, determines the second case if the square value of the second correlation value is larger by more than double than the square value of the first correlation value, and determines the third case if it does not fall under the first case nor the second case. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the accumulating unit sets the symbol accumulation number for accumulating the first correlation value or the second correlation value, as 4. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the frequency offset estimating unit takes an arc tangent for the correlation values accumulated by the accumulating unit, and multiplies 1 2 ⁢ π thereto to estimate the frequency offset. ### Claim 10 A frequency synchronization method in an OFDM system, the method comprising: a correlating step of obtaining a first correlation value by correlating a known reference guard interval of an OFDM symbol and a reference copy interval corresponding to the reference guard interval, setting an estimate guard interval from a pre-set point of the reference guard interval, and obtaining a second correlation value by correlating the estimate guard interval and an estimate copy interval corresponding to the estimate guard interval; a determining step of comparing the first and second correlation values to determine a first case where the first correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the second correlation value, a second case where the second correlation value is larger by a pre-set magnification than the first correlation value, and a third case which is not the first case nor the second case; an accumulating step of accumulating the first correlation value in the event of the first case, accumulating the second correlation value in the event of the second case, and accumulating a value obtained by adding the first and second correlation values in the event of the third case; and a frequency offset estimating step of estimating a frequency offset by using the correlation values accumulated in the accumulating step. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein, in the correlating step, a pre-set point, a start point of the estimate guard interval, is set as a middle point of the reference guard interval. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein, in the determining step, if a square value of the first correlation value is larger by more than double than a square value of the second correlation value, it is determined to be the first case, if the square value of the second correlation value is larger by more than double than the square value of the first correlation value, it is determined to be the second case, and if it is not the first nor the second case, it is determined to be the third case. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein, in the accumulating step, the symbol accumulation number for accumulating the first correlation value or the second correlation value is set as 4. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein, in the frequency offset estimating step, an arc tangent is taken for the correlation values accumulated in an accumulating step, to which 1 2 ⁢ π is multiplied to estimate the frequency offset.