# US 8,273,137 B2 · Fuel composition

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- Number: US 8,273,137 B2
- Document ID: US8273137B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 12/350,779
- Filed: 2009-01-08
- Published: 2009-07-16
- Granted: 2012-09-25
- Earliest claimed: 2008-01-10
- Assignees: Shell Oil Company
- Inventors: Mark Lawrence Brewer; Felix Balthasar; Karsten Wilbrand
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8273137B2

## CPC

- C10L 1/1691: {petroleum waxes, mineral waxes; paraffines; alkylation products; Friedel-Crafts condensation products; petroleum resins; modified waxes (oxidised)}
- C10L 1/14: Organic compounds
- C10L 10/14: for improving low temperature properties
- C10L 1/19: Esters {ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters (C10L1/1802, C10L1/1805, C10L1/1808, C10L1/1811, C10L1/1814, C10L1/1817 take precedence)}
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS

## Abstract

A middle distillate fuel composition is provided comprising (a) a middle distillate base fuel, (b) a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic wax component, and (c) one or more cold flow additives; a method for formulating a middle distillate fuel composition comprising a middle distillate base fuel, comprising (i) incorporating into the base fuel a Fischer-Tropsch derived wax component. The use of a Fischer-Tropsch derived wax component in a middle distillate fuel composition, for the purpose of increasing the effect of a CFPP improver additive in the composition is disclosed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A middle distillate fuel composition comprising (a) a middle distillate base fuel, (b) a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic wax component in the amount of at least 100 mg/kg and less than 3500 mg/kg, based on the fuel composition, having a melting point in the range of from 40° C. to 120° C., and at least 90 wt % of the paraffinic hydrocarbon molecules in the paraffinic wax are n-paraffinic, and (c) one or more cold flow additives in an amount up to 1000 ppmw, wherein the middle distillate base fuel comprises a fatty acid methyl ester, a paraffinic hydrocracked fatty ester middle distillate fuel fraction, and/or a fatty ester middle distillate fuel fraction.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 further comprising an additive package.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the middle distillate base fuel comprises a Fischer-Tropsch derived middle distillate fraction.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the wax component (b) comprises hydrocarbons having a carbon range of from 16 to 48 carbon atoms.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the wax component (b) has a congealing point as determined according to ASTM D938 in the range of from 40° C. to 80° C.

### Claim 6 (depends on 4)

The fuel composition of claim 4 wherein the wax component (b) has a congealing point as determined according to ASTM D938 in the range of from 40° C. to 80° C.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A method of operating a fuel consuming system, involving introducing into the system a fuel composition of claim 1.

### Claim 8 (depends on 4)

A method of operating a fuel consuming system, involving introducing into the system a fuel composition of claim 4.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived wax component comprise more than 99 wt % saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons, said paraffinic hydrocarbons is at least 50 wt % n-paraffinic and at least 3 wt % iso-paraffinic.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The fuel composition of claim 9 wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived wax component congealing point as determined according to ASTM D938 in the range of from 40° C. to 80° C.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The fuel composition of claim 1 where the amount of cold flow additive (c) is up to 500 ppmw.

### Claim 12

A method for formulating a middle distillate fuel composition comprising a middle distillate base fuel and at least one cold flow additive, comprising (i) incorporating into a base fuel comprising a fatty acid methyl ester, a paraffinic hydrocracked fatty ester middle distillate fuel fraction, and/or a fatty ester middle distillate fuel fraction, a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic wax component wherein at least 90 wt % of the paraffinic hydrocarbon molecules in the paraffinic wax are n-paraffinic, in an amount effective to improve the cold flow response of the fuel to the cold flow additive.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12 wherein the Fischer-Tropsch derived wax component is present in an amount of at least 100 mg/kg and less than 3500 mg/kg, based on the fuel composition.