Delignification of biomass containing lignin and production of amino lignin aldehyde resins and carbohydrates

A method to produce carbohydrates from biomass which comprising a lignin containing cellulose plant by mixing, heating at ambient to 250 degrees C., ambient to elevated pressure and reacting the following components:

• a) biomass, comprising lignin containing cellulose plants, in the amount of 200 to 400 parts by weight;
• b) amino compound, selected from the group consisting of, urea, guanidine, aminoguanidine, guanidine carbonate, urea guanidine condensates, urea polyamine condensates, urea-melamine condensates, urea-cyandiamide, urea-aminoguanidine condensate, urea cyanoguanidine condensate, and mixtures thereof, and urea combined with 50% by weight of thiourea, methyl urea, biuret, cyanuric acid, melamine dicyandiamide, melamine cyanurate and mixtures thereof, amino compounds are utilized in the amount of 25-100 parts by weight;
• c) concentrated acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid;
• d) water, in the amount 1 to 500 parts by weight;
• components a, b and d are mixed and reacted by heating the mixture from ambient temperature to 250 degrees C. at ambient or elevated pressure thereby producing a water soluble amino salt of lignin and non-water soluble amino-lignin-cellulose, then the amino salt of lignin is pressed and filtered off and the amino-lignin-cellulose is dried, then the amino-lignin-cellulose is added to component c, mixed, then heated up to 50 degrees C. for 1-6 hours, thereby producing a carbohydrate mixture which also contains acid, amino salt and residual cellulose and lignin cellulose mixture, then the carbohydrates, amino salt and acid are removed from the residual cellulose and lignin-cellulose by pressing and filtering, then the residual cellulose and lignin-cellulose are retreated with the concentrated acid, the acid is separated from the carbohydrates and amino salt by ionic exchange when sulfuric acid is used or by vacuum distillation when hydrochloric acid is used.

A method to break the lignin cellulose bond from biomass comprised of lignin containing cellulose plants and to produce amino salt of lignin and amino-lignin-cellulose aldehyde resins comprising heating at ambient to 250 degrees C., at ambient pressure to elevated pressure, and reacting the following components:

• a) biomass, comprising lignin containing cellulose plant, in the amount of 200 to 400 parts by weight;
• b) amino compound, selected from the group consisting of urea, guanidine, aminoguanidine, guanidine carbonate, urea guanidine condensates, urea polyamine condensates, urea-melamine condensates, urea-cyandiamide, urea-aminoguanidine condensate, urea cyanoguanidine condensate, and mixtures thereof, and urea combined with 50% by weight of thiourea, methyl urea, biuret, cyanuric acid, melamine dicyandiamide, melamine cyanurate and mixtures thereof, amino compounds are utilized in the amount of 25-100 parts by weight;
• c) water, in the amount of 1 to 500 parts by weight;
• d) aldehyde, in the amount of 1 to 3 moles of aldehyde to 1 mol of amino compound;
• e) catalyst, selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride, nitric acid, halogen acids, acidic compounds containing sulfur, sulphonic acid halides, acidic phosphorus containing compound, carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, nitric acids, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonia radicals, amines and mixtures thereof in the amount of 0.1 to 100 parts by weight;
• f) filler;
• selected from the group consisting of alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth metal silicates, metal silicates, silica, metals and metal oxides, carbohydrates, sulphates, phosphates and borates, glass beads, amino compounds, wood particles, cellulose, lignin, urea formaldehyde resin, amino salts of organic phosphates, phenol aldehyde resins, amino aldehyde resins, plastics, powdered coke, graphite, graphite compounds, plant particles and mixtures thereof, in the amount of 1 to 300 parts by weight;
• components a, b and c are mixed and heated from ambient to 250 degrees C., under ambient to elevated pressure for 1-24 hours thereby producing an amino salt of lignin and amino-lignin-cellulose and excess water is evaporated to form a thick paste, then components d, e and f are added to the thick paste, mixed, heated and polymerized.