Smart vortex generator, and aircraft, vessel, and rotary machine being equipped with the same

A smart vortex generator to be placed on a body surface which makes a boundary to a flow of fluid, wherein the temperature of the flow of fluid is different for at least two operational states of the body surface, the smart vortex generator comprising:

• a main body to be disposed on the body surface, at least a part of the main body comprising a super-elastic shape memory alloy exhibiting a shape memory effect between a first form of the main body which is capable of suppressing a flow separation by a vortex generation in the fluid when the main body is at a temperature higher than a phase transformation temperature, and a second form of the main body which is capable of suppressing a turbulent flow of the fluid when the main body is at a temperature lower than a phase transformation temperature;
• and
• auxiliary-force giving means disposed in a predetermined relationship with respect to the main body and giving a predetermined auxiliary force to the main body in the first form of the main body, as at least a part of a bias force required for demonstration of a multi-directional characteristic, wherein
• the phase transformation characteristics of the super-elastic alloy are such that the bias force will cause a phase transformation of the shape memory alloy from the first form to the second form, and from the second form to the first form, as a result of the temperature difference of the fluid between the two operational states of the body surface.