Tissue fastening devices and processes that promote tissue adhesion

A fastener for fastening tissue segments having tissue surfaces, the fastener comprising:

• a first fastener member comprising:
• a substantially flat base having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface;
• and
• a piercing element extending from the base proximate a center of the first surface;
• a second fastener member configured to receive and retain the first fastener member and implant within a body such that the tissue segments to be fastened are retained between the first and second fastener members,
• wherein the first fastener member defines an opening configured to receive a therapeutic agent, a plurality of fluid ports for delivery of the therapeutic agent to the tissue segments, and a passageway between the opening and the plurality of fluid ports, the plurality of fluid ports configured to be open prior to and during implantation of the first and second fastener members and allow unimpeded radial flow of the therapeutic agent from the passageway, through the plurality of fluid ports, to exterior the first fastener member;
• wherein a longitudinal axis extends through the opening, the fluid ports being radially arranged about the axis.