# US 8,147,077 B2 · Exterior sideview mirror system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 8,147,077 B2 - Document ID: US8147077B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/071,174 - Filed: 2011-03-24 - Published: 2011-07-14 - Granted: 2012-04-03 - Earliest claimed: 2003-05-20 - Assignees: Donnelly Corporation - Inventors: Niall R. Lynam - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US8147077B2 ## CPC - B60R 1/082: {using a single wide field mirror or an association of rigidly connected mirrors} - B60R 1/0602: {comprising means for cleaning or deicing} - B60R 1/072: for adjusting the mirror relative to its housing - B60R 1/08: involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots {, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors (B60R1/025, B60R1/10 take precedence)} - B60R 1/088: {using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors} - G02B 7/182: for mirrors - G02B 27/0006: {with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation (G02B1/18 takes precedence; cleaning in general B08B)} - G02F 1/157: Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices - G02F 1/161: Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells - B60R: VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS ## Abstract An exterior sideview mirror system includes an exterior sideview mirror assembly including a plano-auxiliary reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to a side of an automobile. The plano reflective element and the auxiliary reflective element are mounted adjacently at the reflective element assembly in a side-by-side relationship and not superimposed. The plano reflective element and the auxiliary reflective element are supported at a backing plate element. The rearward field of view of the auxiliary reflective element may be different from and angled to the rearward field of view of the plano reflective element. The plano reflective element and/or the auxiliary reflective element may have one of (a) a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and (b) a polymeric substrate having a thin glass element applied to a surface thereof and with an opposing surface thereof having a reflecting layer applied thereto. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An exterior sideview mirror system suitable for use on an automobile, said exterior sideview minor system comprising: an exterior sideview mirror assembly adapted for attachment to a side of an automobile; said exterior sideview mirror assembly including a reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile; said reflective element attached to an electrically-operated actuator of said exterior sideview mirror assembly and movable by said actuator in order to position said rearward field of view to a driver-desired position when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein said reflective element comprises a plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly, said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly comprising a plano reflective element having unit magnification and a separate auxiliary reflective element having a curvature; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly mounted adjacently at said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly in a side-by-side relationship and not superimposed with one reflective element on top of the other reflective element; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element supported at a backing plate element, said backing plate element mounting to said actuator such that movement of said backing plate element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly by said actuator simultaneously and similarly moves said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; said auxiliary reflective element having a wide-angle field of view encompassing a blind spot in the side lane adjacent the side of the automobile to which said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached; said backing plate element having a first support portion supporting said plano reflective element and a second support portion supporting said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said auxiliary reflective element is positioned at an outboard portion of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is mounted to the side of the automobile; wherein said backing plate element comprises a polymeric substrate that is formed as a single element by injection molding of a polymeric resin; wherein said backing plate element is capable of supporting said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said first support portion of said backing plate element comprises a flat portion and wherein said plano reflective element is disposed at said flat portion; wherein said second support portion of said backing plate element comprises a curved portion and wherein said auxiliary reflective element is disposed at said curved portion; wherein at least one of said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element comprises one of (a) a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and (b) a polymeric substrate having a thin glass element applied to a surface thereof and with an opposing surface thereof having a reflecting layer applied thereto; wherein said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element are adjacently supported at said backing plate element at a joint, and wherein said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly includes a demarcation element, said demarcation element disposed at said joint to form a demarcation between said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element, said demarcation element having a portion visible to a driver of the automobile when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein at least a portion of said auxiliary reflective element adjacent said plano reflective element has its front surface generally coplanar with the front surface of said plano reflective element; wherein said demarcation element is dark colored; wherein said demarcation element comprises a polymer material; wherein said joint comprises a space between said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said demarcation element is at least partially disposed at said space between said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said demarcation element comprises a wall on said backing plate element, said wall located on said backing plate element at said joint, said wall disposed between said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; and wherein, when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile, the entirety of said auxiliary reflective element is further distant from the side of the equipped automobile than the entirety of said plano reflective element. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element is at an angle of at least about 3 degrees relative to the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element is generally directed at least one of outwardly and downwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the equipped automobile when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said plano reflective element is supported at said backing plate element by at least one of an adhesive attachment and a mechanical attachment and wherein said auxiliary reflective element is supported at said backing plate element by at least one of an adhesive attachment and a mechanical attachment, and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a bent glass substrate. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a bent glass substrate. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a flat glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a bent glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said bent glass substrate has an aspherical curvature. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element comprises a curvature corresponding to a curvature of said auxiliary reflective element, and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element comprises at least one of (a) a spherical curvature, (b) an aspherical curvature and (c) a multiradius curvature. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said demarcation element comprises a wall structure that at least partially partitions said backing plate element into a first region where said plano reflective element is disposed and a separate and adjacent second region where said auxiliary reflective element is disposed, and wherein at least one of (a) said first region is adapted to receive said plano reflective element and (b) said second region is adapted to receive said auxiliary reflective element. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 8, wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a heater element operable to demist/deice the outmost surface of said auxiliary reflective element when said auxiliary reflective element is disposed at said backing plate element and when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached and operated on the side of the automobile. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said exterior sideview mirror assembly including said plano-auxiliary reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile comprises a driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly, and wherein, when attached to the side of the automobile, said driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly provides to the driver of the equipped automobile a total field of view that generally subtends an angle of at least about 25 degrees with respect to the side of the equipped automobile. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said auxiliary reflective element has an aspherical curvature. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the width of said plano reflective element to the width of said auxiliary reflective element is greater than 1.5. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said exterior sideview mirror assembly comprises a door-mounted exterior sideview mirror assembly adapted for attachment to a side of the automobile adjacent a driver seating location of a driver of the automobile and wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element generally views downwardly towards the road surface adjacent to the driver seating location at least at a distance in the range of about 1 foot to about 24 feet to the rear of the driver seating location. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein at least one of said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said metallic reflector coating is selected from the group consisting of (i) a chromium coating, (ii) a titanium coating, (iii) a rhodium coating, (iv) a metal-alloy coating, (v) a nickel alloy coating, (vi) an aluminum coating and (vii) a silver coating. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 1, wherein said plano reflective element comprises an electro-optic reflective element. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 15, wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a fixed reflectance mirror reflector and wherein said fixed reflectance mirror reflector comprises a curved substrate coated with a metallic reflector coating. ### Claim 17 An exterior sideview mirror system suitable for use on an automobile, said exterior sideview mirror system comprising: an exterior sideview mirror assembly adapted for attachment to a side of an automobile; said exterior sideview mirror assembly including a reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile; said reflective element attached to an electrically-operated actuator of said exterior sideview mirror assembly and movable by said actuator in order to position said rearward field of view to a driver-desired position when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein said reflective element comprises a plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly, said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly comprising a plano reflective element having unit magnification and a separate auxiliary reflective element having a curvature; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly mounted adjacently at said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly in a side-by-side relationship and not superimposed with one reflective element on top of the other reflective element; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element supported at a backing plate element, said backing plate element mounting to said actuator such that movement of said backing plate element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly by said actuator simultaneously and similarly moves said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; said auxiliary reflective element having a wide-angle field of view encompassing a blind spot in the side lane adjacent the side of the automobile to which said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached; said backing plate element having a first support portion supporting said plano reflective element and a second support portion supporting said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said auxiliary reflective element is positioned at an outboard portion of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is mounted to the side of the automobile; wherein said backing plate element comprises a polymeric substrate that is formed as a single element by injection molding of a polymeric resin; wherein said backing plate element is capable of supporting said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said first support portion of said backing plate element comprises a flat portion and wherein said plano reflective element is disposed at said flat portion; wherein said second support portion of said backing plate element comprises a curved portion and wherein said auxiliary reflective element is disposed at said curved portion; wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element is different from and angled to the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element when both are attached to said backing plate element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly when said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly is included in said exterior sideview mirror assembly and when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein angling of the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element relative to the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element is achieved, at least in part, by an angling of said second support portion of said backing plate element supporting said auxiliary reflective element relative to said first support portion of said backing plate element supporting said plano reflective element; wherein, when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile, the field of view of said plano reflective element generally views rearwardly of the equipped automobile and the field of view of said auxiliary reflective element generally views towards a blind spot in the side lane adjacent the side of the automobile to which said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached, said blind spot being generally outside the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element when said plano reflective element is viewed by a driver of the equipped automobile when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein at least one of said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element comprises one of (a) a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and (b) a polymeric substrate having a thin glass element applied to a surface thereof and with an opposing surface thereof having a reflecting layer applied thereto; wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element is generally directed at least one of outwardly and downwardly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the equipped automobile when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein said exterior sideview mirror assembly including said plano-auxiliary reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile comprises a driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly, and wherein, when attached to the side of the automobile, said driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly provides to the driver of the equipped automobile a total field of view that generally subtends an angle of at least about 25 degrees with respect to the side of the equipped automobile; and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a fixed reflectance mirror reflector. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 17, wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a polymeric substrate having a thin glass element applied to a surface thereof and with an opposing surface thereof having a reflecting layer applied thereto. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 18, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a thin flexible glass sheet and a polymeric substrate, said thin flexible glass sheet existing as a pre-formed glass sheet that is separate from said polymeric substrate, said thin glass sheet having an attaching surface, said attaching surface being opposed to and adhered to said surface of said polymeric substrate when said thin flexible sheet is adhered to said exterior surface of said polymeric substrate, said thin flexible sheet providing an anti-abrasion function at said surface of said polymeric substrate when adhered thereto, said thin flexible glass sheet substantially conforming to said exterior surface of said polymeric substrate when adhered thereto, said thin glass sheet having a thickness of less than approximately 0.8 mm and greater than approximately 0.3 mm. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 17, wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 20, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element comprises a curvature corresponding to a curvature of said auxiliary reflective element, and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element comprises at least one of (a) a spherical curvature, (b) an aspherical curvature and (c) a multiradius curvature. ### Claim 22 (depends on 17) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 17, wherein said auxiliary reflective element has a spherical curvature, and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element has a spherical curvature. ### Claim 23 (depends on 17) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 17, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a flat glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a bent glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating, and wherein said bent glass substrate has a spherical curvature. ### Claim 24 An exterior sideview mirror system suitable for use on an automobile, said exterior sideview mirror system comprising: an exterior sideview mirror assembly adapted for attachment to a side of an automobile; said exterior sideview mirror assembly including a reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile; said reflective element attached to an electrically-operated actuator of said exterior sideview mirror assembly and movable by said actuator in order to position said rearward field of view to a driver-desired position when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein said reflective element comprises a plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly, said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly comprising a plano reflective element having unit magnification and a separate auxiliary reflective element having a curvature; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly mounted adjacently at said plan-auxiliary reflective element assembly in a side-by-side relationship and not superimposed with one reflective element on top of the other reflective element; said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element supported at a backing plate element, said backing plate element mounting to said actuator such that movement of said backing plate element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly by said actuator simultaneously and similarly moves said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; said auxiliary reflective element having a wide-angle field of view encompassing a blind spot in the side lane adjacent the side of the automobile to which said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached; said backing plate element having a first support portion supporting said plano reflective element and a second support portion supporting said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said auxiliary reflective element is positioned at an outboard portion of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is mounted to the side of the automobile; wherein said backing plate element comprises a polymeric substrate that is formed as a single element by injection molding of a polymeric resin; wherein said backing plate element is capable of supporting said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element; wherein said first support portion of said backing plate element comprises a flat portion and wherein said plano reflective element is disposed at said flat portion; wherein said second support portion of said backing plate element comprises a curved portion and wherein said auxiliary reflective element is disposed at said curved portion; wherein the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element is different from and angled to the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element when both are attached to said backing plate element of said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly when said plano-auxiliary reflective element assembly is included in said exterior sideview mirror assembly and when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein angling of the rearward field of view of said auxiliary reflective element relative to the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element is achieved, at least in part, by an angling of said second support portion of said backing plate element supporting said auxiliary reflective element relative to said first support portion of said backing plate element supporting said plano reflective element; wherein, when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile, the field of view of said plano reflective element generally views rearwardly of the equipped automobile and the field of view of said auxiliary reflective element generally views towards a blind spot in the side lane adjacent the side of the automobile to which said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached, said blind spot being generally outside the rearward field of view of said plano reflective element when said plano reflective element is viewed by a driver of the equipped automobile when said exterior sideview mirror assembly is attached to the side of the automobile; wherein said plano reflective element comprises one of (a) a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and (b) a polymeric substrate having a thin glass element applied to a surface thereof and with an opposing surface thereof having a reflecting layer applied thereto; and wherein said auxiliary reflective element comprises a fixed reflectance mirror reflector and wherein said fixed reflectance mirror reflector comprises a spherically bent glass substrate coated with a metallic reflector coating. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 24, wherein said plano reflective element comprises a glass substrate having a surface coated with a metallic reflector coating and wherein said curved portion of said backing plate element comprises a curvature corresponding to a curvature of said auxiliary reflective element. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 25, wherein a demarcation element is disposed between said plano reflective element and said auxiliary reflective element and wherein said demarcation element comprises a part of said backing plate element, and wherein said demarcation element at least partially partitions said backing plate element into a first region where said plano reflective element is disposed and a separate and adjacent second region where said auxiliary reflective element is disposed, and wherein said first region is adapted to receive said plano reflective element and said second region is adapted to receive said auxiliary reflective element. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The exterior sideview mirror system of claim 26, wherein said exterior sideview mirror assembly including said plano-auxiliary reflective element having a rearward field of view when attached to the side of the automobile comprises a driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly, and wherein, when attached to the side of the automobile, said driver-side exterior sideview mirror assembly provides to the driver of the equipped automobile a total field of view that generally subtends an angle of at least about 25 degrees with respect to the side of the equipped automobile.