Tartaric acid derivatives in fuel compositions

A fuel composition suitable for use in an internal combustion engine, comprising:

• (a) a fuel;
• (b) a tartrate derived from a material represented by formula I and an alcohol having about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms and combinations thereof;
• wherein each R is independently H, or a hydrocarbyl group, or wherein the R groups together form a ring;
• and wherein if R is H, said tartrate is optionally further functionalized by acylation or reaction with a boron compound;
• and
• wherein the amount of said tartrate is about 0.05 to 5.0 percent by weight of said fuel composition.