Conductive member, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A conductive member,

• comprising:
• a conductive support;
• and
• an electrical resistance adjusting layer formed on the conductive support,
• wherein the electrical resistance adjusting layer includes a thermoplastic resin, a polymeric ion conductive material, and a graft copolymer which is compatible with both of the thermoplastic resin and the polymeric ion conductive material;
• the electrical resistance adjusting layer is formed in a sea-island structure formed from a sea portion made of the polymeric ion conductive material and island portions made of the thermoplastic resin, the island portions being dispersed in the sea portion;
• each of the island portions is formed in an elongate shape to be elongated in an axial direction of the conductive member;
• and
• a layer made of the graft copolymer is formed at boundaries between the thermoplastic resin and the polymeric ion conductive material,
• wherein the conductive member has a cylindrical shape.