Rendering an HTML electronic form by applying XSLT to XML using a solution

A computer-readable storage device storing instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform acts comprising:

• receiving an instruction to open an document in a first markup language;
• searching the document to locate a processing instruction (PI) that contains a solution identifier selected from the group consisting essentially of:
• a href attribute that points to a URL;
• a name;
• a target that includes a character string that identifies an application used to create an electronic form in a second markup language, the first markup language being different from the first markup language, the electronic form being associated with the document;
• and
• a href attribute and at least one of a PI version and a product version;
• discovering a solution using the solution identifier;
• opening the document with the solution, wherein:
• the solution includes or indicates a presentation application in the first markup language and a schema in the first markup language;
• the document can be inferred from the schema;
• and
• portions of the document are logically coupled with fragments of the schema;
• executing the presentation application to transform the coupled portions of the document into the electronic form in the second markup language containing user input fields associated with the coupled portions;
• receiving, through one or more of the user input fields, data input by a user;
• validating the data input by the user with one or more of a plurality of validation rules, each of the one or more plurality of validation rules corresponding to one of said user input fields through which data is input by the user, each said validation rule:
• mapping to each said validation rule's corresponding said user input field by use of a first entity selected from the group consisting essentially of:
• a first path expression in the first markup language;
• a declarative syntax;
• and an entity that is script-based;
• and
• mapping to said coupled portion to which each said validation rule's corresponding said user input field is associated, the mapping with a second entity selected from the group consisting essentially of:
• a second path expression in the first markup language;
• an event handler;
• an event handler that determines when a real-time validation tool uses said validation rule;
• an event handler that determines when a real-time validation tool uses said validation rule before data received for said coupled portion is held by the document;
• and an event handler that determines when a real-time validation tool uses said validation rule after data received for said coupled portion is held by the document, and
• if the act of validating determines that the data input by the user is invalid, outputting indicia informing the user that the data input is invalid.